Personal Factors Of Speaker And Hearer Bring The Influence Of Modal Particle "Ne"

Modal particle "ne" can appear in the questions, some kinds of "ne" does not affect the interrogative function of the sentence and is not very necessary. In this study we will try to find out its conditions of using through the sociolinguistic research methods. Modal particles are very difficult for a foreign student. So the research about the conditions of using of "ne" is very meaningful.Chapter 1, I try to say "the object of study" clearly. The modal particle "ne" has several meanings. The meaning that does not have relationship with speaker and listener can be excluded from the survey. Here we call this kind of "ne" "ne12". In the preliminary analysis, I analyze the view of two my friends. I established two assumptions:1. the age gap between Speaker and listener may affect the using of "ne12"; 2. the rate of using recurrence "ne12" has difference (women use more "ne12" than men).Chapter 2, first I introduce the phenomenon that is attention by sociolinguistics. This study belongs to personal factors (age, sex, level of education) and the relations of language. In "Survey methods and survey object", I introduce the objects (university students of Changchun,25 male,25 female), time and place of survey. In the basis of questionnaire design, I introduce-eight sentences, and I say something about the normal of sentences.Chapter 3, the part one is the result of the study for men. It is seen that whether listener is male or female, speaker can be affected from age. But it is not clearly. In addition women use more "nei2" to female listeners. All these may stand by the first suppose. The third part, I contrast the results between female and male speakers. Women use more "ne12" than men when listener is man or peer. In other situation, men use more "ne12" than women. So this result supports the hypothesis 2.Chapter 4, at first let's summary the results of this analysis, and then come up with some questions in this questionnaire survey. At last I talk about what can be surveyed in the future, for example, the location of "ne12" in the choice question, and the influence of the subject in the sentence changed to the third person(he, them, etc.), and so on.