The Study On The Health Services Needs, Demands And Utilization Of Residents In Tianjin

With the continuous improvement of living standards, the extent of economic globalization being increased, as well as the changes of disease spectrum, the health service needs and utilization of urban and rural residents have undergone changes to various extents. It is very necessary to make an in-depth study of the changes, since it is of great significence to the reform of medical and health system and the formulation of health policy.In this study, based on the data of household health interview survey in 1993, 1998,2003 and 2008 in Tianjin, we make a systemic analysis on the conditions of health services from the perspective of horizontal and vertical, such as the two-week prevalence, the prevalence of chronic conditions, the situation of two weeks of illness treatment and no treatment in hospital, and so on. Besides, we also make a prediction of these indicators in 2013,2018 and 2023 with the GM (1,1) model. The results show that the resident's two-week prevalence and prevalence of chronic diseases are on the rise, which indicates that the health services needs are growing. What's more, the chronic non-communicable diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, cerebrovasc-ular disease and so on, have become the main problems that affect the health of residents in Tianjin. Compared with the previous surveys, the attendance rate of disease was decreased while the hospitalization rates have increased, still apparently lower than the national average.It suggests that the health services demands of urban and rural residents in Tianjin have not been met yet, and the potential health services demands are still big as well as the health severvices utilization is not high. Besides, the results also reveal that the ratio of the patients who feel sick and choose to go to the primary health organization increases gradually, while the ratio for selecting to go to the tertiary hospitals is decreasing. Accordingly, the phenomenon that patients prefer to go to the large medical institutions has been relieved to some degree.In order to effectively improve the utilization of health services, to be better able to meet the healthcare needs of urban and rural residents, and to effectually solve the problem of inadequate and unaffordable medical services, I venture to put forth the following suggestions on the basis of the study:(1)optimizing the allocation of health resources and improving the regional health planning;(2)strengthening the prevention and control of chronic non-communicable diseases to adapt to the changes of disease spectrum;(3)providing different crowd with various forms and levels of services; (4) strengthening the capacity building of primary health care system and improving the health status of urban and rural residents;(5)increasing the financial investment and perfecting the compensation mechanism of primary health services;(6)establishing equitable health financing and payment system to reduce the disease burden of urban and rural residents;(7)enhancing the critical role that the basic medical insurance plays in promoting and protecting the primary health services;(8)promoting the application of the appropriate technology;(9)strengthening health education, advocat-ing healthy lifestyles,and enhancing people's awareness and capabilities for self-health protection.