The Application Of Play Therapy-based Group Counseling To Mental Coping Training Of Children With Asthma

Bronchial asthma is a common chronic allergic inflammatory respiratory disease during childhood, and a kind of typical psychosomatic disease influenced by many factors. Traditional nursing mode only deemed child as a single entity and emphasized the clinical characteristic in the process of diseases, but neglected the mental and behavior disorders and social withdrawal tendencies caused by asthma, as well as the mental coping training. Studies show that the possibility of children with asthma developing mental and behavior disorders was significantly higher than that of normal, and the frequency of acute attack of asthma in children with mental and behavior disorders was higher. The vicious cycle has seriously impaired children's health and reduced their quality of life.This study focused on the mental and behavior problems and the change of social-competence caused by asthma, and implemented mental coping training to children with asthma in the form of play therapy-based group counseling, to explore the effective methods of mental coping training of children with asthma. 【Objective】1. To find out the current development of psychology behavior and coping strategy of children with asthma, and to explore the possible factors that influence the psychology behavior and coping strategy.2. Work out and implement the practical scheme of play therapy-based group counseling for children with asthma.3. To evaluate the role of play therapy-based group counseling (PTGC) in the mental coping training of children with asthma.【Method】1. Document IndexingInquire the foreign and domestic periodicals or monographs in the databases of CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, Pubmed, ovid, and so on. And summary the data to define the mental coping capability, learn about the theories of play therapy and group counseling, and acquaint the foreign and domestic status of research on psychological conditions in children with asthma, so that to provide theories basis for our study.2. Questionnaire MethodChildren with asthma were investigated using basic information table, Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Coping With a Disease (CODI) to evaluate the basic information, behaviors and coping strategy. And then analyse the factors that influence the asthmatic children's behaviors and coping strategy. 3. ExperimentationOur study based on the theories of development psychology, play therapy and group counseling. Work out the practical scheme of play therapy-based group counseling for children with asthma according to the questionnaire investigation results of the current development of the psychology behavior and coping strategy of children with asthma. And implement the scheme on the mental coping training to asthmatic children in the intervention group. The role of play therapy-based group counseling in mental coping training was evaluated by the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Coping with a Disease Questionnaire (CODI).【Result】1.48 children with behavior problems were screened out. The rate of abnormal behavior was significantly higher in children with asthma (33.57%) than in the norm (P<0.05). The behavior problems mainly manifested as withdrawal tendencies, lower social skills, poor interpersonal interaction, compulsivity, anxiety, and so on.2. The coping strategy adopted by children with asthma was divided into 6 types. These 6 types of coping strategy are ranked as:fantasy, acception, self-comfort, remoteness, escape and negative feelings according to the frequency from high to low. The score of negative feelings in asthmatic children with mental and behavior problems was significantly lower than in asthmatic children with no mental and behavior problems.3. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the behaviors and coping strategy in children with asthma were influenced by ages, mother's cultural level, family structure and parental rearing patterns.4. After a 3-months intervention, the scores of social and social competence increased significantly in interference group by repetitive measure ANOVA(p<0.05), and the scores of social problems, social withdrawal and anxiety/depression decreased significantly in interference group by repetitive measure ANOVA(p<0.05), but there were no significant changes in control group.5. After a 3-months intervention, the scores of acception, escape and negative feelings increased significantly in interference group by repetitive measure ANOVA(p<0.05), but there were no significant changes in control group.【Conclusions】1. Withdrawal tendencies, lower social skills, poor interpersonal interaction, anxiety were popular in children with asthma. The frequency of negative feelings in asthmatic children with mental and behavior problems was significantly higher than in asthmatic children without mental and behavior problems.2. Through play therapy-based group counseling, asthmatic children have enhanced confidence, improved the the skills of emotion management and interpersonal interaction. Play therapy-based group counseling can improve the withdrawal tendencies, poor interpersonal interaction, anxiety and negative feelings, and effectively promote their mental coping capability. Play therapy-based group counseling to the children with asthma is effective.