| In this paper, effects of EEP and two different propolis capsules on blood glucose and diabetes prevention were studied. The results were as follows:1. Product quality evaluation and hypoglycemic dose selection: referring to GBT 24283-2009, total flavonoid content of EEP, propolis capsule A and B were 24.6 g/100g, 8.3 g/100g, 7.9 g/100g respectively. The total flavonoids of three propolis accorded with the national standard (total flavonoids≥20 g/100g) or enterprise standard (total flavonoids of propolis capsule A≥8 g/100g, total flavonoids of propolis capsules B≥6 g/100g). Diabetic mice model was constructed by ALX. Feeding with EEP, administration for 14 successive days, 200 mg/kg EEP reduced the blood sugar effectively which was equal to 49 mg/kg propolis flavonoids. According to it, the amount of propolis in 3 groups were: EEP was 200 mg/kg, propolis capsule B was 600 mg/kg, and propolis capsule A was 600 mg/kg; The amount of flavonoids fed in 3 groups were nearly 49 mg/kg.2. Normal mice experiment: normal mice were divided into groups, different propolis were fed, continuous administration for 15 days, the results showed: blood sugar levels of 3 propolis groups were normal compared with the control group. They all had no significant influence on blood glucose of normal mice. After 0.5 h of breeding with glucose, blood glucose peak of groups of EEP and propolis capsule B showed significant difference (p<0.01) compared with the control group and the effects on the enhancement of glucose tolerance were better than propolis capsule A.3. Experimental diabetic mice test: diabetic mice model was constructed by ALX, different propolis were fed to different groups, administration for 4 successive weeks, the results showed that: (1) Groups with EEP, propolis capsule A and B observably improved the increase of eat, drink and the decline of body weight of diabetic mice compared with the model group. (2) After 4 weeks, blood glucose tests showed that three propolis could significantly reduce the blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. (3) Breeding with glucose within 2 h, the blood glucose levels of capsules groups were different (p<0.01) compared with the model group. Both of them significantly improved glucose tolerance of diabetic mice. (4) TC and TG levels in propolis capsule A, B and EEP groups decreased by 47.3 % (p<0.01), 50.7 % (p<0.01), 57.7 % (p<0.01) and 45.0 % (p<0.05), 58.8 % (p<0.01), 27.5 %, while HDL-C levels increased by 27.6 %, 46.5 % (p<0.05), 82.7 % (p<0.01) respectively compared with the model group. All of them could regulate lipid metabolism and reduce the dangers of diabetes complications. (5) The concentration of BUN in propolis capsule B group decreased by 25.0 % (p<0.05) compared with the model group. But the concentration of BUN in other groups and the concentration of Cr in all groups showed no significant difference. Propolis capsule B could significantly improve renal function of diabetic mice and its role was superior to EEP and propolis capsule A. (6) ALT and AST activity in 3 groups were significantly different (p<0.01) compared with the model group. All of propolis showed strong improvement on liver function of diabetic mice. (7) MDA levels in 3 groups decreased by 35.3 % (p<0.05), 46.6 % (p<0.01) and 45.1 % (p<0.01) respectively compared with the model group; GSH-Px activity in each group was not remarkable different. Three propolis had some antioxidant effects on the diabetic mice. (8) The liver index in 3 groups were not significant compared with the model group. But the kidney index were extremely significant different (p<0.01). Three propolis had protective effects on the kidney and inhibited renal enlargement, but all of them had weak protective effect on the liver.4. Diabetes prevention trial: different propolis were fed to different groups, continuous administration for 14 days, then diabetic mice were constructed by ALX. The results showed: (1) Blood glucose levels in propolis capsule A, B and EEP groups decreased by 40.0 % (p<0.01), 37.5 % (p<0.01) and 31.5 % (p<0.05) compared with the model group. Three propolis played a preventive role on ALX-induced diabetes in mice. EEP and propolis capsule A showed a better role than propolis capsule B. (2) After 0.5 h of breeding with glucose, blood glucose levels of EEP, propolis capsule A were significantly different (p<0.01) compared with the model group. EEP and propolis capsule A significantly improved glucose tolerance of diabetic mice, their effects were superior to propolis capsule B. (3) TC, TG and HDL-C levels in 3 groups were not remarkable different compared with the model group. The resistances to dyslipidemia, induced by ALX in mice, of three propolis were less effective. (4) The concentration of BUN in 3 groups were significantly different (p<0.05) compared with the model group. Cr levels in 3 groups were not significant. The effects on renal function of three propolis were weak. (5) ALT and AST activity in two capsules and EEP groups showed no significant difference compared with the model group. The protective effects of three propolis on liver function were poor. (6) MDA level and GSH-Px activity in 3 groups had no differences compared with the model group. But all of them had adjusting effects. |
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