| Missed abortion also named delayed abortion is a special case of miscarriage. The causes of this disease are so complex that we can not find the reason in most of the patients. The changed invasive ability of trophoblasts which may be caused by a variety of factors in vivo regulation is an important factor in missed abortion. The trophoblast cells of early pregnancy have similar biological behavior with malignant tumor cells, they are more invasive than malignant tumor, but the infiltrating process is strictly regulated by various kinds of factors in vivo. Recently, it was reported that the pathological pregnancy is caused by the change of trophoblast invasive ability. The pathological pregnancy contains missed abortion,hypertensive disorder in pregnancy,hydatidiform mole,choriocarcinoma and so on. ADAM19 and KISS-1 all take part in the invasion of the early pregnancy trophoblasts. In this article we study the different expression and distribution of ADAM19 and KISS-1 in the villi of normal pregnant women and patients of missed abortion, so we can explore ADAM19 and KISS-1 in the occurrence and development of missed abortion.30 cases of women diagnosed with missed abortion and 30 cases of normal pregnancy women in the First and the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhen Zhou University Obstetrics and Gynecology clinic were selected. Under sterile conditions we collected the villi, then put some in liquid nitrogen, some with 10% formaldehyde solution-fixed and paraffin-embedded, we observed the expression and distribution of ADAM 19 and KISS-1 protein in the paraffin-embedded trophoblasts of the two groups using technique of immunohistochemical staining. We investigated the ADAM19 and KISS-1mRNA expression using semi-quantitative RT-PCR.1 We found that ADAM19 protein is strongly expressed in the early pregnancy trophoblast cell membrane, only small amount of ADAM19 protein is expressed in the cytoplasm. the positive expression rate (6/30, 20.00%) of ADAM19 in the chorionic villi of the missed abortion was lower than the normal early preganacy (30/30,100%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=40.00, P<0.05).2 KISS-1 gene mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of early pregnancy trophoblasts, Part of KISS-1 gene can also be found in the membrane, the positive expression rate (26/30,86.67%) of KISS-1 in the chorionic villi of the missed abortion was higher than the normal early preganacy(4/30,13.33%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=32.26, P<0.05).3 ADAM19mRNA expression levels in the missed abortion group and the normal pregnancy group were (0.21±0.17) and (0.61±0.09), the expression of ADAM19 in missed abortion was lower than normal perganacy, P<0.05, the difference was statistically significant.4 KISS-1mRNA expression levels in the missed abortion group and the normal pregnancy group were (1.25±0.12) and (0.23±0.08), the expression of KISS-1 in missed abortion was higher than normal perganacy, P<0.05, the difference was statistically significant.1 In this study we found that ADAM 19 protein and mRNA expression in the missed abortion was lower than the normal preganacy. we can speculate that the low expression ADAM19 could not fully hydrolyzed extra cellular matrix,so it make the embryo shallow implant or miscarrige as a result. It hints that ADAM19 may have some effects in the development of missed abortion.2 We research discovered that KISS-1 protein and mRNA expression in the missed abortion group was higher than that normal pregnancy group. we can speculate that over expression of KISS-1 represses the trophoblasts excessively. so the embryos can not form its low-resistance blood vessels, which resulted in the occurrence of missed abortion. It hints that KISS-1 may have some effects in the development of missed abortion.
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