| 'Justice' is the most basic morality, the basic concepts and basic rules of conduct of the eternal values of human society. It has great importance to guarantee the functioning of society and the healthy development. Basic medical insurance system is an important component of the basic medical health system, which has a target of letting the limited funds to protect people's basic health better, Through a rational system of financing and payment. Its essence is protection of human rights to survival, welfare and development, and the pursuit of social equity and justice. However, during review and reflection of the history, it could be found that the current medical insurance system is lack of the justice and the public welfare. This article tries to examine the existing social health insurance system from a socialism justice perspective, analysis the reasons of lack of fairness, and make targeted recommendations to the health insurance system.This article will study of the justice of the medical security system in four parts. The preface will describe the background and ideas of this topic from the purpose of the study, theoretical significance, practical value and research methods. Part 1 will introduction and analysis the existing system of basic medical insurance system of China, to reveal the achievements and deficiencies of medical insurance system, and provide background for the thinking behind the reference. Part 2 will summarize the main view of justice of our country in the history. Then it will extract the principles and standards of fair value we should follow from current fields of health care, with justice perspective of John Rawls and conditions of China's primary stage of socialism. We will analysis the problems and their causes of the medical security system according to these principles. Part 3 will put forward countermeasures and suggestions for improving the fairness and justice of health care system of China, according to the reasons for the lack of impartiality.
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