| Nasal polyps is one of the most common chronic inflammatory respiratory disease. Its incidence is about 1%-2% in adults, but in the patients who conflate with bronchial acenterine intolerance, asthma fungal, fungal rhino-sinusitis, allergic rhinitis or cystic fibrosis its incidence can reach 15% or even much higher than this number. The pathogenesis of nasal polyps is not clear. And most scholars believe that the etiology and pathogenesis of nasal polyps is a multi-factors and multi-steps process and related closely with infection, immune and cytokines. And the damage repairing and remodeling of respiratory mucosa has been shown playing a important role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. And the synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix is the most critical step in tissue remodeling. So, we use immunohistochemical methods to detect the expression of MMP-7,TGF-β1 and PAI-1 in nasal polyps tissues and normal inferior nasal concha tissues to discuss the action of the three proteins in the occurrence, development and hology mechanisms of nasal polyps. Materials and Methodspatients50 nasal polyps patients and 30 normal nasal concha mucosae patients are choosed. They have underwent surgeries between 2008 and 2009 in department of otorhinolaryngology of the First Affiliate Hospital Zhen Zhou University. The standard of choosing nasal polyps patients is:CT displays disease in bilateral or unilateral sinus, and endoscopys or surgerys can find polyps. The nasal polyps patients do not combine allergic rhinitis, Bronchial asthma, Aspirin intolerance and other systemic diseases. They were not treated by any chemotherapy such as steroid, antihistamine and antibiotic drugs before preoperative a month. Their clinical datas are complete. The control group was selected which contains inferior nasal concha mucosae from 30 patients undergoing submucous resection of nasal septum.MethodsWe use immunohistochemistry (SP method) to detect the expression of MMP-7,TGF-β1 and PAI-1 between 50 simples of nasal polyps and 30 simples of inferior nasal concha tissues. Meanwhile, we apply hematoxylin and eosin stain (HE stain) on each specimens between nasal polyps and inferior nasal concha mucosae in order to identify the pathologic diagnosis of nasal polyps.ResultsThe cells which express MMP-7,TGF-β1 and PAI-1 were stained brown or dark brown in their cytoplasm. We choose the well stained biopsy. The data multiplying different staining intensity and the percentage of positive cells that is greater than 3 is holden meanful.Statistical AnalysisWe use SPSS11.0 software to analyze all date. Statistical evaluation was performed using Chi-Square test. p<0.05 was considered as statistical significance.Results1. The result of HE staining in nasal polyps:clearly blue or deep blue stained cellular nucleus, clearly pale pink or salmon pink stained endochylema, extremely unconnective tissue which is covered with respiratory epithelium, a large number of goblet cell hyperplasia, significantly grown gland tissue, kinds of inflammatory cells in interstitial tissue. The inflammatory cells contain most of eosinophils. And Nasal polyps always contain thickening basement membrane, high permeability of blood vessels and no nerve tissue.2. MMP-7 stained yellow or brown are located in Cytoplasm. Using microscope, we can see that MMP-7 is expressed in nasal polyps epithelial cells, endothelial cells, glandular cells and stromal infiltration of inflammatory cells within the cytoplasm and in the matrix lowly. The expression of MMP-7 in nasal polyps was 42.00%. The expression rate in the control group inferior nasal concha mucosae was 3.33%. The statistical analyse of the expression data shown that there are statistical significance between nasal polyps and inferior nasal concha mucosae.3.. TGF-β1 stained yellow or brown is located in Cytoplasm. Using microscope, we can see that TGF-β1 is expressed in nasal polyps epithelial cells, endothelial cells, glandular cells and stromal infiltration of inflammatory cells within the cytoplasm and in the matrix lowely. The expression of TGF-β1 in nasal polyps was 72.00%. The expression rate in the control group inferior nasal concha mucosae was 13.33%. The statistical analyse of the expression data shown that there are statistical significance between nasal polyps and inferior nasal concha mucosae.4. PAI-1 stained yellow or brown are located in cytoplasm. Using microscope, we can see that PAI-1 is expressed in nasal polyps epithelial cells, endothelial cells, glandular cells and stromal infiltration of inflammatory cells within the cytoplasm and in the matrix lowely. The expression of PAI-1 in nasal polyps was 18.00%,while the expression rate in the control group inferior nasal concha mucosae was 0. The statistical analyse of the expression data shown that there is statistical significance between nasal polyps and inferior nasal concha mucosae.5. The positive expression group of MMP-7 protein and negative group in nasal polyps, the positive expression rates of TGF-β1 were 90.00% and 60.00% respectively. There was a significant difference between them(r=0.311, p<0.05).6. The positive expression group of MMP-7 protein and negative group in nasal polyps, the positive expression rates of PAI-1 were 40.00% and 20.00% respectively. There was not a significant difference between them(p>0.05).7. The positive expression group of TGF-β1 protein and negative group in nasal polyps, the positive expression rates of PAI-1 were 30.56% and 0.00% respectively. There was a significant difference between them(r=0.314, p<0.05).Conclusion1. The significantly high expression of MMP-7 TGF-β1 and PAI-1 may make the basement membrane changed and nasal polyps tissue remodeled.2. MMP-7,TGF-β1 and PAI-1proteins might play a certain role in the forming of nasal polyps, but their function is not related to patients' clinical classification, sex and age.
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