Epidemiological Investigation On Children Under 14 Years Old With Asthma In Chaohu City

Objective: The asthma is one kind of the chronic respiratory tract disease which seriously affects the child's healthy in mind and body. Recent years,the prevalence of asthma is increasing in various countries,especially among children. Many kinds of factors influence the asthma outbreak. The present situation of the child's asthma outbreak whether has a difference between Chao hu city and other cities, formerly rarely reported .In 2007,a present situation investigation was carried for 11016 cases children of 0～14 years old with asthma in Chaohu city,in order to explore the determinants coexisting with asthma in children, and to provide scientific references for local prevention and treatmen t of asthma in children. Methods: With collecting entire group random sampling and inviting family seperately, an epidemiological survey about asthma was made among 11016 cases children between zero and fourteen years old in 5 sections in Chaohu city. The investigation object was the elementary and middle schools, the kindergarten, the nursery and the children who lives scatteredly and was born from February 28, 2007 to March 1,1994. A investigation group through regular training by this administrative offices was formed. The unified plan, the step and the asking volume which were drown up by the National Asthma Collaborative Group were used, First the children or their parents filled in the questionnaires and the suspicious patients were selected.Then the detailed inquiry medical history and the essential medical examination were carried on to the suspicious patient, Every has the the outpatient service medical record and the hospitalized medical record is checked up. The children who fit in with the diagnostic criteria filled out a formal investigation table. Results: (1) 477 patients with asthma were sifted out from the 11016 cases of children. The accumulative incidence rate was 4.37% on children under 14 years old with asthma in chaohu city. The current incidence rate was 3.18%, Among them the children asthma was 328 cases (68.76%), infant asthma was 123 cases (25.79%), variability asthma of coughing was 26 cases (5.45%). The current incidence rate in male was obviously higher than that of female . The ratio of male to female was 1.52:1. There was a significant difference (P<0.01). The maximum age of incidence rate existed in children between 3～7 years old. (2) The inducement of asthma disease was mainly the infection of upper respiratory tract and the rate was 96.22%. The second reason was the changing weather and the rate was 62.26%. The induction season of asthma disease is the winter and the autumn primarily and the time when asthma attacking is mainly the midnight and just before going to sleep.Using antibiotics when asthma attacking accounted for 99.42%, while corticosterid inhalation in treatment accounted for 22.13% and attack mitigation continue to inhale corticosteroid only accounted for 14.62%. (3) The children with asthma who had asthma family history in the first and second class family members were respectively 12.93% and 8.33%. The eczema was very common in having allergic patients with asthma disease and the rate was 68.3%.Allergic rhinitis was 49.43%.Conclusions: This investigation showed that the accumulative incidence rate of asthma diseases was 4.37%.The incidence rate was obviously higher than that of the average level of the nation in 2000. The incidence rate in male was obviously higher than that of female. The maximum age of incidence rate existed in children between 3～7 years old .The incidence rate between 0～4 years old have a rising trend along with the age increase and have a up and down fluctuations later . Most of the initial onset of asthma before the age of 3. Pathogenesis of asthma is influenced by many factors. The inducement of asthma disease was mainly the infection of upper respiratory tract and next is the weather change.Besides emotional changes and passive smoking are related with the incidence of asthma. The asthma child most has used the antibiotic treatment when asthma attacking while inspiration hormone treatment is really few. After the attack continued to inhale corticosteroid is less.