Epidemiological Analysis Of Asthma On Children 6-12 Years Old In Changchun City

Background:Asthma is a chronic lung disease that seriously impact on human health,especially in children. Over twenty years, the incidence of asthma in most parts of the world is increasing, but some individual study abroad showed the prevalence of asthma in children in some areas there has a downward trend. The incidence of asthma affected by various factors, its etiology is extremely complex. To study the incidence of childhood asthma and risk factors, the National Asthma Collaborative Group has done once every 10 years nationwide epidemiological survey of asthma in children, and our department is the study of single-center study. Survey of 2000 children with asthma prevalence of asthma in children in Changchun City,1.38%, based on this, the author again in 2010 in Changchun City, the current situation of children with asthma prevalence surveys.Objective:In order to explore the incidence and the risk factors of asthma on children 6-12 years old in Changchun city, and to provide scientific references for prevention and treatment of asthma in local children.Methods:With random sampling method seleted Ming De primary in Changchun City, a total of 2230 children. The investigation object was the elementary and middle schools who was born from June 31,2004 to July 1,1998. A asthma investigation group that includes eight to ten trained professionals and graduate students through the third national epidemiological survey of asthma in children training was formed. The unified plan, the step and the asking volume which were drown up by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Environmental Health and Related Product Safety were used.The first step is the screening stage, the second step is diagnosised of asthma, the incidence and the determinants coexisting of asthma. Specific implementation steps are as follows:first coding for children under school registration form and then issued the children with asthma and allergic diseases screening questionnaire,by the class as the unit, recycling the questionnaires after 1 week and the suspicious patients were selected. Again field investigation the Children with suspected of asthma. Then asked parents the detailed about the relevant history of asthma and other allergies in detail, and examination were carried on to the highly suspicious children, every has the the outpatient service medical record and the hospitalized medical record is checked up to see if it records a bread. Finally the children who fit in with the diagnostic criteria filled out a formal investigation table.Results:(1)A total of 2230 children aged 6 to 12 were investigation, who loss to follow 12 case, lost rate 0.54%.68 patients with asthma were diagnosised, the incidence rate was 3.05%. The current incidence rate in male was obviously higher than female. The ratio of male to female was 1.72:1. The difference was significant (X=4.68,P<0.05). For the first time the asthma incidence most before 3 years was 76.47%. (2)The inducement of asthma attack was mainly the infection of respiratory tract and the rate was 91.18%;the second reason followed was the changes in the weather/cold air exposure and the rate was 58.82%. The induction season of asthma disease were the season based and the winter primarily and the rate ware 33.82% and 20.59%. The time when asthma attackde was mainly the midnight. Using antibiotics when asthma attacking accounted for 92.65%,while corticosterid inhalation in treatment accounted for 39.71%, and after asthma attack mitigation continue to inhale corticosteroid accounted for 27.94%.(3)The children with asthma who had asthma family history in the first and second class family members were respectively 13.24% and 7.35%, and the history of other allergies were respectively 44.12% and 17.65%. The eczema was very common in having allergic patients withasthma disease and the rate was 66.18%. Allergic rhinitis was followde and the rate was 47.06%.Conclusion:1.This investigation showed that the incidence rate of asthma diseases on 6-12 years old children was 3.05% in Changchun city. The average level of nation compared to 2000 as obviously higher2.The incidencerate in male was higher than female, the ratio was 1.72:1.3.The risk factors of asthma disease in children was mainly the infection of respiratory tract,the second reason was the changing weather/cold air exposure.4.The induction season of asthma disease was the season based and the winter primarily and the time when asthma attacking is mainly the midnight.5.Inhaled corticosteroid treatmen stepped treatment for asthma low rate of application, and asthma education should be further strengthened.