Research On Function Status And Optimization Strategies Of Rural Public Health Service System

Objective Through investigating the function status of China rural public health service system, analyze the factors influencing it functioning normally, based on this, to discuss about the optimization strategies of rural public health service system, with a view to improve the rural public health service system and provide theoretical guidance on performance promoting in rural public health service system.Methods Use the theories and methods of Sociology, Management and Statistics in this investigation, use qualitative and quantitative research methods together. Main methods include:①Literature research method;②Spot investigation, through surveys, in-depth personal interviews, panel discussions to acquire qualitative and quantitative data for this study;③Health statistics method: mainly use descriptive statistical methods to illuminate the resources allocation and service conditions of rural public health service system;④Canonical analysis: Analyze, abstract, integrate and summarize the materials collected, analyze the existing problems of rural public health service institutions and the factors affecting their normal functions;⑤Policy analysis methods: Based on the research and analysis of rural public health service system function status, explore optimization strategies of rural public health service system.Conclusions Through investigate the function status of rural public health service agencies and analyze the factors affecting their normal public health service functions, the main conclusions are as follows:〔1〕Resources allocation in rural public health service system isn't reasonable, and have influenced practice of public health service, concretely manifested in the following four aspects:①In the aspect of rural public health human resources, it is ubiquitous that the educational levels and academic titles of rural public health practitioners are generally low, the phenomenon that"lack of personnel"and"staff excess"exists at the same time;②Apparatus and equipments in disease prevention and control institutions can't meet the requirements, equipments needed for the practice of public health service is lacking, and have confined carrying out of public health services and the improvement of technical level.③Questionnaire inquisition showed that"public health inputs and compensation is inadequate"is considered as the most important factor impacting normal public health operations, there is still a large funding gap between governmental public health input and the real needs for normal public health practice, operating income is still an important source of total income and cost compensation means;④The extension of public health services now are still relatively incomprehensive, the overall technical level is low.〔2〕Problems such as lack of prompting and low efficiency are existing in traditional rural public health service mode and governmental input method, concretely manifested in the following five aspects:①Lack of overall coordination between public health service agencies;②Expanding gap exists between clinical medicine and public health;③Management of existing public health service system is still similar to that in Planned Economy, the governmental public health input is mainly oriented for maintain the existence and functioning of suppliers, but lack of concern on the demand side;④Compensation for the suppliers put the demand side in an obviously disadvantaged position, information is seriously asymmetric between supply side and demand side, and the demand side has no effective means to supervise and condemn the supply side;⑤In a certain geographical area, public health service is often monopolized by a single supplier, but the government don't have effective mechanisms to assess and control the outputs of public health services in terms of quantity and quality.Suggestions Optimize the rural public health service system form public health resources allocation,public health service mode and governmental public health input method, etc.①Strengthen the construction of rural disease prevention and health care network, to guarantee public health service capability;②Strengthen governmental funding responsibility for basic public health services;③Strengthen the cultivation of rural public health human resources;④Strengthen the connection and synergies between medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions;⑤Change the governmental public health input method, innovate the public health service mode.