| Background: With the development of the economy and medical treatment, as well as the improvement of people's living situation and styles, the diseases that used to fiercely harm the health of youth such as; malnutrition and many contagious diseases are now well under control in developed countries and even some developing countries. Yet even with the youth obtaining the lowest sickness and death ratios, they still show a relatively high accidental injury ratio. Accidental injuries hurt them both physically and mentally, also causing economic damages to their families and the society. Young people suffer more from accidental injuries, due to their susceptibility. Therefore, the accidental injuries of young people have become one of the most serious social, economical, medical and public health problems of today. This has become a rising threat to human health and is now a major reason for death in the world. The trend in accidental injuries of elementary and middle school students has shown an increase in recent years. The WHO (World Health Organization) has listed the prevention of accidental injuries as a target of its global strategy of "Health for All by the Year 2000".The occurrence of accidental injuries is not only caused by genetic and physical reasons, but also individual, social and psychological reasons. However, the research done domestically was only focused on coastal cities. The type of injuries, differ based on the location of occurrences. This research is meant to demonstrate the current scenario of the accidental injuries. It is meant to show the effect accidental injuries has on elementary and middle school students and the resultant economical damages and school absence by those effected. The overall purpose is to boost awareness in the community regarding accidental injuries.Purpose: To learn the accidental injuries about the elementary and middle school students in the city of Baotou and analyze the impacting reasons.Methods: A total of 14,463 students from 198 classes of 12 elementary and middle schools of the Kun District, the Qingshan District, and the suburbs of Baotou are randomly selected by using Stratified and Cluster Sampling (1) Self-made questionnaires. The questions are focused on the accidental injuries between January 2003 and January 2004, including genders, ages, ethnicities, grades, parents' education and jobs, injury frequency, injury types, injury time, injury locations, injury positions, injury reasons, post-injury treatment, whether or not hospitalized, hospital expense, parents' workless lost, whether or not crippled, and school absence. (2) The survey forms on the elementary and middle school students' awareness of accidental injuries. The content includes nine items: whether or not hearing of accidental injuries, whether or not having the awareness of accidental injuries during playing, whether or not having the awareness of accidental injuries during sports games, whether or not doing warm-ups before exercises, whether or not knowing the harms of being bitten by pets, whether or not knowing the harm of toy guns, whether or not knowing serious accidental injuries can cause handicap, whether or not crossing streets not through pedestrian lines; and whether or not knowing first-aid.Results: (1) The generate injury rate is 34.3%, in which 37.5% for boys, and 28.90% for girls. The rates are notably different (X~2 =115.90, p<0.01); The injury rate for the pupils is 38.7%, 29.5% for the middle school students, and 33.8% for the high school students. The three rates are notably different. (X~2 =115.11, p<0.01); The rate for the students in urban schools is 33.9%, and 36% for the students in rural schools. The two rates are not notably different. (X~2 =3.37, p>0.05); The rate for the students in factory schools is 39.45%, and 30.52% for the students in regular schools. The two rates are notably different. (X~2 =107.22, p<0.01); The rate for the students in the key schools is 32.35%, and 33.74% for the students in non-key schools. The two rates are not notably different. (X~2=2.55, p>0.05); The rate for the ethnic Han students is 34.4%, and 29.63% for the minority ethnic students. The two rates are notably different, (X~2 =25.71, p<0.05); The rate for the sing-child students is 39.63%, and 22.03% for non-single-child students. The two rates are notably different. (X~2 =445.34, p<0.01); The rate for the students whose parents are university graduates is 16.45%, and 27.56% for those whose parents are high-school graduates, 47.97% for those whose parents are middle school graduates, 62.11% for those whose parents are elementary school graduates, and 85.29% for those whose parents are illiterates. The five rates are notably different. (X~2 =12.27, p<0.05).The top five injuries are tumble (19.7%), collision (13.3%), burn (7.3%), cut (7.3%), and animal bite (6.9%). The highest occurrence periods are February and August, and the lowest are November and January. The rate for domestic injuries is 40.23%, 33.01% for inside of school, 15.76% for outside of school, and 15.76% for on roads and in wilderness. The main reasons causing injuries are playing, sports, and biking. The main position of injuries is lower limbs. The main treatments after injuries are from parents, outpatient departments, and hospitalization. The general crippling rate is 1%. (2) The average expense caused by accidental injuries is RMB578.16 by person. The average monetary lost caused by parents' job absence is RMB451.49 by person. The average school absence is 1.45 days by person. The parents' education level and the injuries occurrence frequency are negative correlated. (Father: r= - 0. 057, p<0.01 Mother: r= - 0. 032, p<0.01).(3) The general awareness increases along with the students' growth. Yet this is not consistent for every single student.Conclusion: The scenario of accidental injuries of elementary and middle school students is comparatively serious in Baotou, which has become a remarkable problem for the youth health, and has caused comparatively big economic lost and illness burden for both students and their families. Thus the suggestion is to add the prevention of accidental injuries of elementary and middle school students into the regular schooling and health education. Thus, schools, teachers, and parents will educate young people on accidental injuries better and more, and the students themselves will be able to watch, remind, help, and protect each other. As a result, through the cooperation of schools, teachers, and parents, the accidental injuries of elementary and middle school students will be reduced, and the youth safety and health will be improved.
|
PDF Full Text Request