| Objective This analysis is to get information of the characteristics of unintentional injuries in primary and junior middle school students of Mentougou District, the relevant knowledge about unintentional injuries of those students and their parents, so as to explore effective intervenient measures and evaluate the results of intervention, which could be evidence for relating government departments to make health policies.Methods We chose objectives by random including 2 middle and 2 primary schools in Mentougou District, students from 1 to fifth grades in primary schools and from 7 to 8 in middle schools. We got altogether 840 students by choosing randomizedly 60 ones in each grade. All objects filled out the questionnaire we made ourselves which includes basic information, unintentional injuries happened in the previous year, knowledge rates of students and their parents about unintentional injuries.After the basic investigation, we divided the students into 2groups: students from one middle school and one primary school were observed as the control group giving no intervenient measures; while the other students were as intervenient group, in which we carried out for a whole year health education and intervenient measures such as lectures, excises and competitions centering on safety traffic, first aid and self saving, common knowledge of daily life.One year later, we take random sample respectively from the control and the intervenient group using the same questionnaire. We investigated the same number of students as the previous year and finished the cross-sectional study to evaluate the effect of intervention. Statistic methods include descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, and logistic regression.Results The basic investigation reveals that the general incidence rate of unintentional injuries is 8.5%. There is no difference statistically between the rates of different genders and different ages. The event-based rate of injuries is 10.7%. Students with once unintentional injury took up 80.3% of total students. The frequency of injuries occurred in those injury students is 1.27 times per students. The reasons of unintentional injuries were mainly fall, wrench and collision, took up respectively 28.9%,24.4% and 15.6%. The injury body sites were mainly the four limbs, fingers or toes, Limb hurts took up 50% of all. The character of unintentional injuries is mainly superficial, which took up 42.2%. The places of injuries happened mainly on streets or roads, followed by school, home or dormitories. According to the injury degree, gently injuries took up 95.6%, needing no in-patient treatment, while 1.1% of all students were with severe injuries and have to keep the remnants for their whole lives. Those injuries stayed in hospital altogether for 68 days with each 0.96 day, rested altogether for 320 days with each 4.51 days, spent altogether 79390 yuan with each 1118.17 yuan from a few yuan at least to more than 40 thousand yuan at most.The knowledge level of students and parents were both high enough. The correct rate of parents answering the questionnaire was 93.2% while the same rate of students was 86.8%. According to logistic regression, those factors are protective against unintentional injuries such as high monthly incomes, sharp tools placed beyondchildren's reach and parents'protective management of electricity plugs.One year later, the incidence rate of unintentional injuries after intervention declined from 9.8% to 6.0% in the intervenient group, while the rate in the control group declined from 7.1% to 6.2%. The intervenient group dropped more 2.9% than the other group. Statistics shows that the decline in the intervenient group is significant(χ2=4.210,P=0.040), while the decline in the control group is not significant(χ2=0.306,P=0.580)。The net rate difference decline happened in male students is more than that in female students. The net rate difference decline happened in 4 and 5 grade is the most, decline in 7and 8 grade is the next. The incidence rate of unintentional injuries in 1and 2 grade students did not drop.After the intervention, the event-based rate of injuries in school or at home reduced a lot, while the rates in streets or roads did not reduce. And the students in the intervenient group after intervention rested less days after injueies, the rest time declined altogether 91 days with each student 1.1 days, the cost declined 53350 yuan with each student 1031yuan as well.The change of parents'knowledge levels and precautious consciousness is not significant after the intervention. The change of knowledge levels and precautious consciousness in the student intervenient group is statistically significant after the intervention while the change in the student control group is not significant. After delamination, the improvements of knowledge levels and precautious consciousness of students in the 3-5 grades of the intervenient group is much significant.Conclusion Unintentional injuries has brought heavy burden to family, society and individual. The knowledge levels of parents and students are both quite high, but specific problems such as safety traffic are bad. Those factors are protective against unintentional injuries such as high monthly incomes, sharp tools placed beyondchildren's reach and parents'protective management of electricity plugs. After one year's intervention of health education, the occurrence of unintentional injuries in the students and the burdens of injuries have been under effective control, and the knowledge level against injuries of the students have been much improved, which is a great success of intervention. We suggest the government assure the obligations of related departments, enhance the intervention of health education, establish a monitoring system of injuries and build a safe environment of entertaining and exercising for students. We also suggest the government amplify the legislation and economical punishments so as to prevent and control injuries.
|
PDF Full Text Request