| Objective:Investigation on hepatoduodenal ligament and the anatomy of the related structure in order to provide the anatomical evidence and accurate data for the therapy of the tumor in inferior segment of the bile duct.Methods:To choose 35 normal human abdominal specimen not considering sexuality which were retained by formalin for 2 years, ages from 20 to 70 without damage and patient history of the hepatic, cholic, pancreatic and gastric disease. Emulsion mixed by red stain was poured into the arterial system of the specimen, while the emulsion mixed by blue stain was poured into the venous system. Measurement was carried out by eyes directly with anatomical surgical instruments, lamp, vernier caliper(±0.01mm), ruler, angle gauge, deltoid plate and conimeter. The observations and the statistic calculation were mainly about: the relationship and source of the common bile duct, hepatic portal vein and proper hepatic artery in hepatoduodenal ligamentm; the width of the caliber; the width of the left and the right hepatic duct, the left and the right hepatic portal vein, and the left and the right hepatic artery; the positional relationship of the divaricate parts of these structure; the distance between the divaricate parts and the porta hepatic, and the perpendicular distance of different divaricate parts; the genesis of the ductus cysticus and the width of the caliber; the rate of appearance of the parabile duct, the position of which it abouchement to the biliary passage, and the diameter and the length; the genesis, the branch of the artery of cholecyst, and its caliber; the length and width of the hepatic duct, the included angle between the left and the right hepatic duct; the branching situation of the hepatic portal vein; the included angle between the hepatic portal vein and its central line; the included angle between the trunk of portal vein and splenic vein, the trunk of portal vein and the superior mesenteric vein, and its length; the genesis the left and the right gastric artery, the width of its caliber; the genesis of theproper hepatic artery, the length and the width of its caliber; the width of caliber of the superior mesenteric vein, the ncluded angle of the portal vein, the icluded angle of the spleen and the portal vein.Results:①the diameter of the common bile duct: 6.53±2.12 ( 5.0～8.5)mm; the diameter of the left bile duct: 6.2±0.3(5.5～6.9)mm, the length of it: 7.3±0.8(5.6～8.9)mm; the diameter of the right bile duct: 5.0±0.3()mm, the length of it: 8.2±0.7(6.8～9.4)mm; the diameter of the common hepatic duct: 7.4±0.4(4.5-10.1)mm, the length of it: 20.2±2.1(15.4～23.8)mm; the diameter of the parahepatic duct: 3.0±0.5(2.1-4.26)mm, the length of it: 13.2±0.7(8.0～15.2)mm; the diameter of the cystic duct: 3.1±0.74(2.4-5.6)mm; the included angle between the left and the right hepatic duct and the common hepatic duct: 36°±3.3°(34°- 45°)and 49°±4.53°(40°- 61°);②the outside diameter of the proper hepatic artery: 4.26±0.72(2.4-10.2)mm, the length of it: 20.09±8.90(19.6~34.4)mm;the diameter of the left artery of the liver: 2.76±0.42(0.77~3.26)mm, the length of it: 23.70±10.10(5.10~52.2)mm; the diameter of the right artery of the liver: 1.98±0.51(1.02~3.38)mm, the length of it: 22.90±10.30(3.50~72.4) mm; the diameter of the middle artery of the liver: 2.95±1.32(1.52~4.14)mm; the diameter of the artery of the cholecyst: 1.6±0.5mm(0. 8~3.6)mm;③the width of the hepatic portal vein: 11.84±1.56(7.01-16.94)mm, the length of it: 6.8-8.0cm; the diameter of left branch of the hepatic portal vein: 9.80±1.02(4.5-13.42)mm; the diameter of the right branch of the hepatic portal vein: 10.67±1.32(5.6-14.55)mm; the included angle between hepatic portal vein and the center line, the splenic vein, the superior mesenteric vein: 15o±1.8( 5o-40o),111 o±12.3(90o-130o),150 o±9.8( 1 30o-180o);④the distance from the joining point of the hepatic duct to the bifurcation of the hepatic portal vein: 9.7±1.1(10.1-19.4)mm; the distance from the bifurcation of portal vein to the bifurcation of the proper hepatic artery: 12.2±1.4(3.3-22.2)mm; the distance from the joining point of the hepatic duct to the bifurcation of the proper hepatic artery: 21.6±2.8( 8.2-33.5)mm; the distance from the porta hepatic to the joining point of the left and right hepatic duct, the bifurcation of the portal vein, the bifurcation of the left and the right artery of the liver: 7.8±0.8(0-42.2)mm, 8.6±0.9(3.5- 27.1)mm, 14.5±1.8(5.8- 36.60)mm.Conclusion: By the research of the anatomy of the hepatoduodenal ligament, we are more familiar with the relationships of its internal structure, and the relationship of the bifurcation of the main structure. Especially, we make concrete statistic calculation about the bifurcation of the three main structure inside it. By the result of its position(all together 35 specimen), 77% of them(27 specimen) are the normal relationship, while the others have different changes of their location and their sequence. From the measurement of the bifurcation of the 27 specimen which position were normal, the distance from the joining point of the left and the right hepatic duct to the bifurcation of the portal vein is short, but the distance from the bifurcation of the portal vein to thebifurcation of the left and right artery of liver is long. From the situation of variation, the position about the bifurcation of the portal vein and the bifurcation of the proper hepatic artery is stable, while compared with the position of the joining point of the left and right hepatic duct, the changes of the position is greater. So that in the process of the operation, we should take notice of the joining point of the left and the right hepatic duct in the position of the bifurcation. In this research we also observe the structure which has something to do with the hepatoduodenal ligament, including superior mesenteric vein, common hepatic artery, and the left and the right artery of liver which needs accurate anatomy during the biliary operation or the gastric operation, and we carefully observe their genesis, position and diameter. We find that the variation of the common hepatic artery, the left and right artery of the stomach and the cystic artery, cystic duct, parahepatic duct which related with the hepatoduodenal ligament is great. We should pay special attention to those situation during the operation.
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