| Objective : The iliolumbar ligament is a generous and coriaceous tendon tissue in the lumbosacral region.For iliolumbar ligament there have been numerous reports among domestic and foreign papers,with a lot of controversies of its morphologic characteristics.It is seldom reported about anatomic structure and biomechanical properties of iliolumbar ligaments of Chinese people.At the same time there is no comprehensive and detailed statistical information. This study focus on structure and biomechanics properties of Chinese iliolumbar ligament by the way of anatomic measurement and biomechanical experiment. In this study, measurement of anatomy and biomechanics test method study the of physics students. Observate its length, width, thickness, starting and ending location and test its biomechanical properties of spondylolisthesis.Methods : Select 26 antiseptic adult male corpse (provided by Department of Anatomy of Hebei Medical University).They are 168cm-178cm tall( average 173cm).Remove iliopsoas, erect muscles, the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus muscles,then expose iliolumbar ligaments carefully. Remove loose connective tissue around the ligaments carefully and observe the starting and ending points of iliolumbar ligament and courser characteristics. Test its length, width and thickness with vernier caliper. All data is expressed as means±SD( x±s), then calculate the reference values of the indicators.Take 10 specimens which were confirmed without fracture, osteoporosis,splitting lumbar spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis through anterior posterior , lateral and double oblique radiograms. Cut off the muscle attached around vertebrae and reserve all the ligments according to Kalevi. Then store the speciments in refrigerator at - 20℃after wrapped up by bilayer plastic bag. Thaw at room temperature naturally 24 hours before the experiment.The specimen is fixed with a self-designed fixtures in CSS21101 biomechanical testing machine (Produced by Changchun Biomechanical Testing Machine Institute). Imitate human upright posture, and use polymethyl methacrylate to molde loading platform, with sharp knife to cut off bilateral isthmus in the lumbus 5 and remove the fifth lumbar inferior articular process. Cut off lumbar and sacral spine disc(L5~S1),interspinal ligaments , supraspinal ligaments and the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments.But reserve iliolumbar ligament to make spondylolisthesis model.The 10 specimens are randomly divided into two five-specimen groups. Iiolumbar ligament is preserved in Group A . Iliolumbar ligament is cut off in Group B. Imitate human upright posture, and use polymethyl methacrylate to molde loading platform. Test with CSS21101 biomechanics and load at the rate 5N/S. We load the specimens to 500N 3 times consecutively to eliminate creep. And then load to 300N ,600N ,900N and 1,200N seperately with maintaining for two minutes.Measure sagital bias between L5 top edge and S1 lower edge with vernier calipers and extensometer and calculate the dislocation degree (the Degree of dislocation equals to displacement divided by anteroposterior length of L5 vertebra ) .The results are used to compare two sample t test, P <0.05 located, SPSS12.0 software used for statistical analysis results.Results :Iliolumbar ligaments are composed by anterior superior part and posterior inferior part. Anterior superior part of ILL is flat and weak.It spreads out in the frontal plane, starting at the L4 vertebra lateral end,anterior lateral aspect, lower edge and so on and ending at iliac crest with the lenth of (84.82±5.04)mm to posterior superior iliac spine. Deep layer and upper edge of the ligament gradually line feed to lumbar muscle membrane. The lower edge is free with the thickness of (2.22±0.28)mm.The deep layer is adjacent to upper edge of inferior ligaments, separated by loose connective tissue. Its initial width is (18.20±2.36)mm, and more outside more narrow with the exception of the simulate width of (10.72±2.34) mm from spine of L4 transver process to end point.The width is (69.80±5.02)mm from laceral L4 vertebra to end point.The posterior inferior part of ILL is of tubiness and strongth.The axial plane parellels to cross-sectional plane.The axis is parallelled to the coronal plane, and it can not be subdivided into bundles. After starting from the outer edge of the L4-5 disc and L5 tranverse process it ends on iliac crest with the lenth of (26.14±3.46)mm to anterior brim of iliac tuberosity.the longth from tip of transverse process to distal edge of end point is (82.20±4.02)mm.The fraction which directly ended on iliac tuberosity is called main bundle,with anterior border (36.64±2.30)mm long,posterior border (8.54±1.78)mm long,(12.22±2.18)mm wide, (4.30±0.96)mm thick. It is close to much muscle.The specimens are loaded at the rate of 5N/S to 300n,600n,900N and 1200N and maintain for 2 minuts seperately.The degrees of dislocation in Group A is 0.0488±0.0042,0.0706±0.0026,0.1135±0.0079,0.1538±0.0184. The degrees of dislocation in Group B is 0.0054±0.0843,0.2249±0.0104,0.7356±0.0357,21.4167±0.5265. P<0.01. There was statistically significance.Conclusions : There are some different in the starting and ending points of Chiness iliolumbar ligament and its longth, width, thickness reported abroad.This reveals the difference between the races. This Biomechanical experiment analyze the role of iliolumbar ligament to prevent spondylolisthesis.There are stratigcal significance between the two groups according to statistical analysis of data.And it demonstrate the role of iliolumbar ligament to prevent spondylolisthesis role.
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