Study On Myopia Prevalence And Its Related Determinants Among High And Primary School Students In Central District In Jinan

The incidence of myopia in China is one of the highest in the world. The investigation held by Ministry of Health and Education of Ministry together, shows that the incidence of myopia in Chinese students is up to 60% in 2005, which is the second in the world. The number of myopic people rose to 60 million, which is the first in the world. Especially in the big cities, the incidence of myopia has an obvious increase among the primary and middle school students. For example, the incidence of myopia of the primary school students in Jinan is 30% in 2005, of the junior middle school students 58%, of the senior middle school students 70%. The percentage is far beyond the country's average level of the corresponding periods.The cause of the disease is very complicated and it is the synthetical result of the genetics and environments. The improper behavior when writing or reading has obvious affect on the occurrences and development of the disease. Myopia has brought much trouble to the studies and livings of primary and middle school students. And yet, high myopia is also a cause of blindness. In a word, it is necessary to adopt vigorous measures to prevent the disease or put off its development.Objects: All the full-time students in the primary and middle schools in Central district, J inan city, exclusive of the students in the special, technical and vocational schools.Objectives: To observe the prevalence of myopia and to analyse the risk factors of eyesight among the primary and middle school students in Central district, and to make a comprehensive evaluation about the result. Methods: With cluster sample method, samples are from the entire primary and middle schools in Central district expect the vocational and technical ones. There are 4 primary schools, 3 junior middle schools, 5 senior middle schools and 2 nine-year schools-consist of primary and junior middle school-in the area. Grade two and three in the primary schools, preparatory grade and grade one in the junior middle school and grade one in the senior middle school are randomly sampled. There are 4737 students all together.Results:1,The incidence of myopia of the total students in primary and middle schools is 60.1%, among which the primary is 37.0%, the junior middle school 56.3%, the senior middle school 83.7%. Pupils are usually light and medium myopia, however, the middle school students are usually medium and serious myopia. The boys' myopia rate is 56.3%, while the girls' is 63.8%. The myopia rate of girls in every school age is higher than the rate of boys of the same school age.2,The right answer rates on knowledge related to myopia prevention is under 71 % both for the primary and middle school students. Most of the students have improper behavior when writing or reading.Conclusion:1,The inidence of myopia of primary and middle school students in Central district is not only higher than the average level of the country, but also higher than the average level of Jinan city. Moreover, it rises with the study stages. The illness rate of girls is usually higher than that of the boys within the same school age, which corresponds to the studies home and abroad.2,The knowledge related myopia prevention is undeveloped in the primary and middle school students. A fair part of students don't know the nicer behavior when writing or reading. The improper behavior when writing or reading is popular among the student. Fortunately, the students have great enthusiasm in the preventive and therapeutic activities.3,The cause of the myopia is very complicated and it is the synthetic results of various factors. The functions of genetics, gender, lack of knowledge related to myopia prevention and improper behavior when writing or reading.4,The change of the eyesight has a long period. Therefore, the prevention should be paid attention to from the early time. It is especially important to form nicer behavior when writing or reading from the kindergarten and primary school periods. And the nicer behavior should be held throughout the various study periods.