| Background: China is one of the 22 countries with heavy TB burden in the world. It's urgent time for us to control TB. Health education is regarded as one of the important campaigns among TH controlling activities. To probe and study the influencing factors of TB health education would be guide us to promote and enhance effective effect of TB health education.Aim: To make know the current situation of TB health education of depressed areas among Three-Gorges reservoir in Chongqing municipality; to understand main channels that people get TB knowledge; and to probe the affecting factors of TB health education and its efficient policies. To study how to promote TB health education effects.Method: quantitative and qualitative study methods are both used in this research.1. Qualitative interview: Different guidelines were used among different interviewers. Focus group discussion (FGD) were conducted among selected common population; in-depth interviews were done among TB patients/suspects and their family members, healthcare providers and related leaders respectively. Thematic Framework method was applied to analyze qualitative data from both FGD and in-depth interviews.2. Quantitative study: Two counties, regarded as the poorest areas among Three-gorges reservoir, with similar socioeconomic development and geographical conditions were sampled; questionnaire surveys were conducted among common residents of the two selected places. The questionnaire data were doubled entered into database of EPDATA software. Both univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted to explore impact factors to TB health education, vehicled with Chi-squared test and multiple logistic regression, respectively. In quantitative data analysis, SPSS10.0 software was applied.Result:1. General information: 9 FGD were conducted, 62 people were involved; 50 people were interviewed with in-depth interview method. 573 questionnaires were done and 572 valuable; 293 (51.22%) were male interviewees and 279 (48.78%) female; the average age was 49 and fifty percentage were aged from 40 to 60; most of the participants were educated only at elementary school, which accounted for 45.13%.2. Most of the people dwelling in the poorest areas in Three-gorges reservoir were lack of TB knowledge and health awareness. Only 23.35% of questionnaired people knew how TB disease occurred, about the TB treatment fee, 37% knew it could be free; over half of the people accepted questionnaire survey did not know how to prevent TB spread among masses.3. The channels that people get TB knowledge were mainly those: chatting with each other, from person who ever got TB disease, and from doctors, etc. There were also some other ways such as from TV set entertainments or some leaflets, hardly from broadcast or receivers.4. There was lack of effective communication between doctors and patients. Many doctors of grass-root medical institutions persuaded patients to accept their treatment, instead of referring them to professional health facilities, just because of the high profits. Health service providers seldom explained TB related control policies, such as the free treatment policy, to TB patients/suspects, or because they did not know very well about the policy, then did some wrong explain to patients. All the disadvantages might impact patients'health seeking behaviours.5. Residents in poor areas of Chongqing Three-gorges reservoir were hoping to know more about TB related knowledge such as its symptoms, spread ways and how to prevent its prevalence, or its related policies released by central government, etc. About the styles of health education, three main ways were welcomed by people: health propaganda activities advocated by health workers, showed on TV and booklets, the separate percentage were 41.49%, 24.69% and 15.56%.6. The information disseminating Medias that people had and used at present. 90% of families had TV sets, and telephones were covered 70%. There were no any broadcasters or receivers in countryside.7. Factors associated with TB knowledge knowing rate of population: one was the sex, different sex had different understanding rate, and rate of male people was usually higher than that of female people. People who were with high education level knew more about TB knowledge than that of those with lower educational level. People not engaged in farming work knew TB knowledge better than those that working on farming work. People's knowing rates were not more associated with their ages, occupation and marriage status.8. Suggestions to improve TB health education service: enhance financing invest; improve the corporation among different department; according to the local practical situation, applying different health education styles to publicize TB knowledge, enrich contents of TB health education, and let more and more people get TB knowledge.Conclusion: The current status of TB health education in Chongqing Three-gorges reservoir was not satisfied, people were short of TB relative knowledge and lack of health awareness. There were no any effective ways to publicize TB knowledge. People's lower educational level and their health awareness were identified as risk factors to their TB knowledge rate; poor government financial commitment was also stated hampering local TB health education. Training of health service providers should also be enhanced.
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