Water Pollution States In The Three Gorges Reservoir Areas Of Chongqing And The Potential Impact On Human Health

ObjectiveTo know about the changes of drinking water of the second-phase of the Three Gorges and states of organic pollutants of reservoir water, exploring the health effects to the people's health because of reservoir water quality changes, providing suggestions for Three Gorges third-phase and preventing water-related diseases because of the changes of water quality.Methods1. Collected the drinking water monitoring data of 14 districts in Three Gorges reservoir areas of Chongqing during 2001-2004 years.2. Detected organic pollutants in some areas of Three Gorges reservoir areas.3. Investigated the states of health inspection and supervision on drinking water.4. Collecting monitors the material of the infectious disease and chronic non-infectious disease and outbreak cases of water-borne diseases in Three Gorges reservoir areas in recent years.Based on the above materials collected, using both qualitative and quantitative methods to explore water pollution states in the Three Gorges reservoir areas and the potential impact on human healthResult1. The qualified rates source and output water were low in Three Gorges reservoir areas, the qualified rates had the trend of rising from 01 to 03 years, But after water storage, the qualified rates also had reduced in the first year (2004). Before and after water storage, the overall qualified rates of source and output water had no significant difference. The qualified rates of sense-organ and general chemistry and bacteriology indicators also had no significant difference, the qualified rates of toxicology indicator had a significant decline in dry season, but it had no significant difference in flood season. The overall qualified rates of source and output water of submerged and non-submerged had no significant difference after water storage, the qualified rate of sense-organ and general chemistry and bacteriology indicators also had no significant difference between submerged and non-submerged, the qualified rate of toxicology indicator had significant difference in dry season, but it had no significant difference in flood season between two district.2. There had detected various organic pollutants in water of Three Gorges reservoir areas, including source and output water, the organic pollutant ingredient was complex in the water environment, at present the degree of pollution was low, all of organic pollutants had not exceeded safety limits.3. The waterworks of villages and towns had many health problems: incomplete Water facilities,Not standardized health management of system water process, not high quality business of staff, no lab of water test,Poor water source sanitation protection, weak drinking water health inspection and supervision.4. The incidence rates of infectious diseases were downgrade from 01 to 03 years, after water storage, incidence rates increased in the first year (2004). Although incidence rates of water-borne diseases had the drop tendency, virus hepatitis rised rapidly. Malignant tumor's ratio of proportional mortality rate increased year by year, many district malignant tumor mortality rates also had the obvious trend of escalation.ConclusionSource and output water of Three Gorges reservoir areas exceeded drinking water standard severely and had security danger, before and after the second phase of the Three Gorges project, sense-organ and general chemistry and bacteriology had significant changes. Sense-organ and general chemistry and bacteriology of submerged and non-submerged had no significant difference. Although the overall water quality had not changed, pollutions of some areas were serious; although the overall indicators hadn't have the obviously changed, but the toxicology indicators qualified rate reduced obviously.Submergence areas existence toxic chemical pollutants, it was more serious than before water storage. There had detected mutagen such as organic pollutants ,all of organic pollutants had not exceeded safety limits, but after the third phase of the Three Gorges project accomplished, each kind of pollutant density possibly maybe increase gradually, therefore, there are potential threat to Three Gorges reservoir areas inhabitant's health especially the tumor occurrence.The source water pollution was serious,The water works hygiene had many problems,drinking water health inspection and supervision was weak, so the output water of Three Gorges reservoir areas was at the low condition for a long time, Result, the incidence rates of water-borne diseases had been a higher level continuously, in particular, infectious disease incidence rates rised obviously after the water storage. Virus hepatitis rised rapidly, it will be potential hazards that water-borne infection will get popularly because of the water source pollution, We should attach great importance to the resurgence of water-borne diseases...