The Expression Of HBD-2 And IL-1β In Gingival Crevicular Fluid Of Chronic Periodontitis

objective:Humanβ-Defensins-2(HBD-2)is a small cationic peptide.Present evidence suggests that HBD-2 has a role in maintaining periodontal health and preventing bacterial adherence and infection.Interleukin-iβ(IL-1β),a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine,has been involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal destruction.The aim of this study is to investigate the HBD-2 and IL-1βconcentrations in gingival crevicular fluid(GCF)of periodontal health sites and chronic periodontitis sites,and the relationship among HBD-2,IL-1βand clinical parameters.Methods:The study population consisted of a control group with periodontal healthy subjects(n=12)and a group of patients with periodontitis(n=10).24 GCF samples were collected from non-inflamed sites of 12 periodontal healthy subjects,40 GCF samples from chronic periodontitis sites(including 20 GCF samples from pre-treatment periodontitis sites and 20 GCF samples from post- treatment periodontitis sites)of 10 patients with chronic periodontitis.Clinical measurements(BI,PD and CAL) were recorded for each tooth after obtaining a GCF sample.The concentrations of HBD-2 and IL-1βin GCF were quantified by sensitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)method.Results:HBD-2 was expressed both in GCF of non-inflamed sites and periodontitis sites.The median concentrations of HBD-2 for non-inflamed sites(566.84 pg/ml)was greater than that of periodontitis sites(207.02 pg/ml)(P=0.004),but the HBD-2 levels were highly variable in both groups;the median concentrations of IL-1βfor non-inflamed sites(120.89 pg/ml) was lower than that of periodontitis sites(257.76 pg/ml)(P＜0.001).After periodontal treatment,there was no statistically significant difference(P=0.167)in concentration of HBD-2 between the pre-treatment periodontitis sites(207.02 pg/ml)and post-treatment periodontitis sites(79.42 pg/ml),but there was statistically significant difference(P＜0.001)in concentration of IL-1βbetween the pre-treatment periodontitis sites(257.76 pg/ml)and post-treatment periodontitis sites(145.65 pg/ml).The association between BI,PD and the concentration of HBD-2 in GCF showed correlation,r=-0.451,-0.370 respectively.The relationship between BI,PD and the concentration of IL-1βin GCF shown correlated,r=0.434,0.513 respectively.No correlation was shown between HBD-2 and IL-1βin GCF (P=0.684).Conclusion:The findings suggested that patients with periodontitis have a decreased ability to produce HBD-2 even under the stimulation of pathogens.Low level of HBD-2 in GCF in periodontitis sites may represent a biological factor that contributes to periodotitis susceptibility.IL-1βmay also be valuable indicator of the degree of periodontal inflammation.