Analysis Of Quality Of Life And The Influence Factors In Elders In Hainan Han And Li Population

Objectives The aims of the study were to assess the feasibility of Chinese version SF-36 scale applied to evaluate the quality of life in ordinary elderly population; to observe the current situation and influence factors of quality of life in elders in Hainan Han and Li ethnic population; and to provide scientific supports to the government functional department of health, for them to accurately evaluate quality of life in elders, promote health in the entire population, construct a harmonious society and improve quality of life of people.Methods 2208 elders aged over 60 were selected randomly by multi-phases sampling in Dongfang, Wuzhishan, Baoting, Lingshui and Baisha, where are the Li ethnic areas in Hainan. There were 1109 males and 1099 females; 1139 Han ethnic, 1069 Li ethnic.Contents of the study included: general informations ( which included age, gender, level of education and other social demography data); quality of life survey, SF-36 quality of life questionnaire designed by the Health Institute, Boston, were administrated for the quality of life in elders.Statistical analysis: SPSS13.0,SAS9.0,LISREL8.51 statistics software were applied. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), Analysis of variance, T-Test, Multiple Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Chi-Square Test were used for analysis.Results The research include Evaluation of SF-36 scale,Evaluation of quality of life in elders in Hainan Province and The influence factors analysis of quality of life in elders.1. Evaluation of Chinese version SF-36 scale. The reliability of Chinese version SF-36 scale was good when used for evaluating quality of life of elders in Hainan. Split-half reliability was 0.8422. Spearman-brown coefficient was 0.9143. Cronbach'sαcoefficients of all dimension scores were greater than 0.7 except SF and MH. Goodness Of Fit Index(GFI) of confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) was 0.77,x~2= 11742.63,P<0.001, RMSEA=0.096, NFI = 0.92; . The correlate coefficient(r) of the total sore of standard validity self-health evaluation and the total score of scale was 0.726. The reliability and validity of SF-36 health scale were generally satisfactory.2. Evaluation of quality of life in elders in Hainan Province. The mean score of quality of life in elderly people in Hainan Li ethnic areas was 65 (64.2,65.7). Higher scores were observed in social function (SF), role emotion (RE) and physical function (PF). The lowest score was observed in general health (GH). Elders with history of chronic diseases had great lower scores in 8 dimensions when compared to those who without history of chronic diseases.Scores difference is significant between city elders and countryside elders in other dimensions except SF and RE. Scores of city elders are higher than countryside elders's. Scores difference is not significant between Nationalities in other dimensions except BP and VT. Scores difference between Nationalities in BP and VT dimension is different between city and countryside. Scores of Li Nationality elders is higher than Han Nationality elders' in city. Scores of Han Nationality elders is higher than Li Nationality elders' in countryside. Scores difference in 8 dimensions is significant between several groups of age. Scores in all dimensions of quality of life were decreasing with age increasing, especially in group of older than 70. The change tendency of scores in all dimensions is same between male and female when ages are varing.Significant differences of quality of life in elder were found in other dimensions except SF, RE and MH between male and female.. Male had higher dimension scores than female.3. The influence factors analysis of quality of life in elders Results of Logistic Regression Analysis showed factors influencing the grade of general scores in physical health included physical exercise, history of chronic diseases, age, monthly income per capita, living in rural or urban, gender, ethnic group, number of children and the living status of their children.History of chronic diseases, physical exercise and age were the major facotrs. Factors influencing the grade of the general scores in psychological health included physical exercise, history of chronic diseases, age, income per capita, family relationship, occupation, medical expenses and living status of their children. Physical exercise, living status of their children and history of chronic diseases were the major factors.4. Results of Multiple Linear Regression show that history of chronic diseases, Physical exercise, living status of their children ,age and monthly income per capita have influenced on scores in 8 dimensions.Among them history of chronic diseases, Physical exercise, living status of their children ,age were the major factors which influence the quality of life in elders.Conclusions SF-36 scale had good reliability and validity when applied to elders in Hainan. The major determinants of influencing the quality of life in elders were physical exercise, history of chronic disease, living status of their children and so on. Therefore, to build and improve the medical insurance system would be an extremely urgent job. More attentions and supports should be given to elders during the implementation. Multiple intervention measures should be used to strengthen the community health services, to decrease the incidence and prevalence rates of diseases, to consistently reinforce the ability of disease prevention and care, and to promote quality of health in elders.