Descriptive Study On Death Causes Of Residents In Weihai From 1998 To 2005

ObjectiveTo describe the distribution characteristic of death causes and explore the trend of it, to find out health status of residents in Weihai more, and to offer evidences for health department to draw policy for medical care and collocate health resources.MethodsThis descriptive study on death causes was based on the Annual Report on Death Causes of Residents' Diseases and Injuries of Weihai City through 1998 to 2005 combined with other relevant background information, further utilizing the statistics of death causes of the above mentioned 8 years to analyze the characteristics of the residents'death causes in this city in terms of the demographic size, composition and changes, characteristics of deaths, changes in the spectrum of death causes, the composition of leading dealth causes, changes of the mortality rate as well as changes of the population's life expectancy. The data was analyzed with Disease Surveillance Statistical Software developed by Chinese CDC, together with SPSS10.0 and Microsoft Office Excel2003. The index to be analyzed as following:1.Demographic index: Population develop rate, growth rate, Constituent ratio of age, Dependency ratio, The ratio of the aged to the younger, Sex ratio, Crude birth rate(CBR), Crude death rate(CDR), natural increase rate (NIR).2.Index of death level: Crude death rate, standardized mortality rate, year-specific death rate, age-specific death rate, sex-specific death rate, cause-specific death rate.3.Index of proportion and sequence of death causes: proportion and sequence of death causes in different age, gender and causes.4.Infant life expectancy, life expectancy, cause eliminated life expectancy, potential years of life lost (PYLL), PYLL%.5.Index of change trend: percent change (PC), annual percent change(APC), annual percent change of contribution. Results1.The average population of Weihai is from 2.4575 million to 2.4873 million; Sex ratio is 1.02; The ratio of the aged to the younger was increasing every year and keeping above the level of 65%; The ratio of over 65 years old exceeded 10%.2.Crude death rate was 6.95‰ to 7.62‰, standardized mortality rate 4‰ to 4.35‰; Male crude death rate was 7.43‰ to 8.29‰, Standardized mortality rate 4.34‰ to 4.75‰; Female crude death rate was 6.38‰ to 6.95‰, Standardized mortality rate 3.6‰ to 3.9‰.3.The curve of total age-specific mortality rate fit with the word"√", regardless man or woman. Mortality rate of 0-age group was the highest before the age of fifteen, and mortality rate increased with age after fifteen. Woman's mortality rate was higher than man's except 1 to 4 age groups in the years of 1999 to 2003.4.Children's mortality rate was 0.66‰ to 0.82‰, 0 to 1 day-old Infant's life expectancy was 341.044 days.5.The ten leading death causes were malignant neoplasm, cerebrovascular diseases, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory system diseases, injury and poisoning, digestive system diseases, incretion diseases, urinary and reproduction system diseases, mental disorder and nervous system disease in turn. The death causes of the different years had slight differences.6.The main death causes for children's and young adults' were injury and poisoning, for the middle age malignant neoplasm and for the old age cerebrovascular disease.7.The five leading death causes of malignant neoplasm were cancers of lung, lever, stomach, esophagus and rectum, which occupy 75 percent of all malignant neoplasm death. The four leading death rate of men were higher than women, and the death rate of rectum cancer access to women.8.The main death causes of cardiovascular diseases were coronary, rheumatic, pulmonary and hypertensive heart disease. The death number of coronary heart disease occupy over 80 percent of cardiovascular death, and acute myocardial infarction occupy half of coronary heart disease death.9.The five leading death causes of injury and poisoning were traffic accident, suicide, accidental falls, accidental drawning and poisoning, which occupy 80 percent of injury and poisoning death. The death rate of men is higher than women. The first leading death cause of men was traffic accidents, occupying 38%; The first of women was suicide, occupying more than 50%.10.The cause that contributing most for decreasing rate among death causes of both men and wowen was injury and poisoning; The cause that contributing most for increasing rate among men was malignant neoplasm, and cardiovascular disease among women.11.Life expectancy of Weihai population varied from 75.67 to 76.28, Life expectancy of female was higher than male, average difference of life expectancy between male and female was 4.66.12.Most of PYLL in Weihai attribute to malignant neoplasm, injuries and poisoning, cerebrovascular disease and cardiovascular disease. The PYLL rate of 2005 was lower than that of 1998 both in male and female, but PYLL rate of malignant and cerebrovascular disease was going up. All PYLL rate of male was higher than female, especially injury and poisoning.Conclusions1.The population of Weihai is slowly increasing; Natural increase rate is negative; Dependency ratio of population first increased and then decreased; Ratio of the aged to the younger was increasing every year and WeiHai has become an aging society.2.Both Crude death rate and Standardized death rate increased first and then decreased. Death rate of man was higher than that of woman in the corresponding period.3.The infant death rate was decreasing. Death rate and mortality ratio increased with age decreasing for infant stage. The infant death rate was higher, especially the first day, and decreased gradually after a month.4.The children (0-14 year old of group) and the young adults (15-44 year old of group) mortality ratio presented drop tendency, the middle age (45-64 year old of group) mortality ratio was the young adults' 2 to 2.5 times, and presented the trend of rise with times pass, the old age (above 65 years old)mortality was about 70% of the total death, and maintained stably.5.The main death causes and death rate were clear difference for various age and sex.6.Life expectancy was decreasing with age increased, difference of life expectancy between male and female was decreasing with age increased too.7.The decreasing rate of death rate would include cerebrovascular diseases, respiratory system diseases, injury and poisoning, digestive system diseases, genitourinary system diseases and infectious diseases. The increasing rate would include malignant neoplasm, cardiovascular diseases, endocrine & metabolic diseases, nervous system diseases and mental disorders.8.Non-communicable diseases became main death cause, and infectious disease emerge decreasing tread.9.Malignant neoplasm became the first killer to people's health gradually.10.PYLL ratio was far higher than death ratio for injury and poisoning, which was a youth-model death cause, and lost life years more.Suggestions1.To control the work quality through further consolidating and improving the registration and reporting system of birth and mortality.2.To strengthen the surveillance of chronic diseases such as malignant neoplasm, cerebrovascular disease, injury and poisoning, probe the causes and main risk factors in order to realize effective intervention, carry out short- and long-term evaluation and adjust health policies.3.To emphasize health education, the important means in modern disease prevention, and to considered it as a kind of health investment behavior.4.To establish and perfect the network of community health service, promote and develop the functions of Community Health Service in such fields as prevention, medical treatment, health care, rehabilitation, health education and technical services in family planning.5.To be well prepared, mentally and materially, to handle the challenge of the aging population and threat imposed by chronic non-communicable diseases.