Expressions Of Proto-oncogene C-fos And VEGF In Squamous Cell Carcinoma Of The Cervix And Its Significances

Cervical cancer is second only to breast cancer in the globalwomen the most common gynaecological cancer .The new cases areabout 130,000 every year in our country, which accounts for about80% of the squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix (SCC) .Themorbidity of the women not more than 35 years old had a risingtrend from 4.8% in the 1980s to 34.1% in 2000. Although there wereuniversal screenings for cervical cancer, 10-20 thousand patientsdied of the disease every year. With the continuous development ofgenetic technology, it is widely recognized that the occurrence oftumors is more than one genetic event. The proto-oncogene of c-fos,belonging to myc gene family, is the immediate early genes. C-foscan encode a protein of nuclear phosphorus. The protein connectswith the product of proto-oncogene c-jun via leucine zipper andforms a heterodimeric transcription factor in cells, namely activatorprotein-1(AP-1). AP-1 factor combines with specific DNA sequencesand regulates cellar growing, developing and differentiating. Whencells are stimulated by infection and so on, the overexpression ofc-fos may promote cell malignant transformation and induce tumorsoccurrance. At present, the expression of c-fos in normal andabnormal cervical tissues is little coverage at home and abroad.The attack and transfer of tumour are closely related to thegeneration of blood vessels. The experiments in vivo and vitro haveconfirmed that the multiple promoting and inhibiting blood vesselformation factors are present in primary cancer cells. Vascularendothelial growth factor (VEGF), is currently known as the mostdirect proto-vascular-generating factor. Microvessel density(MVD)is regarded as standard of assessing blood vessels generation .With S-P immunohistochemical technique, using polyclonalantibody of c-fos, monoclonal antibody of VEGF and CD34,theprotein c-fos , VEGF and MVD were seperately detected in 12cases of normal cervical tissues,30 cases of cervical intra-epithelialneoplasia (CIN)tissues and 56 cases of squamous carcinoma ofthe cervix( SCC) tissues. All the patients were not throughradiothrapy or chemothrapy before they were operated on.Results:The staining particles of C-FOS protein which are yellow tobrown, mainly located in the cell nucleus and a small number ofcolor particles in cytoplasm;The staining particles of VEGF proteinwhich are also yellow to brown, mainly located in the cytoplasm anda small number of color particles in cell membrane. VEGFexpression in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix tissuse oftenpermeates cancer nest and seldom in the stroma. The area of highdensity of blood vessels is more seen in marginal tumors.1,The expression of c-fos ,VEGF and MVD increasedgradually in the tissues of normal cervix(0.0%, 0.0%,10.7±5.2),CIN(16.7%,33.3%,16.8±6.8) and squamous cell carcinoma ofthe cervix (66.0%,70.0%,28.6±6.4).The differences betweengroups were significant (P < 0.05).2,The difference of c-fos expression in every clinical pathologyfactor of SCC was not statistically significant(P > 0.05). Theexpression of VEGF was significantly higher in cases with negativelymph node involvement (61.5%) than in those with positive lymphnode involvement(82%) (P < 0.05) . The MVD expression wassignificantly higher in cases with negative lymph nodeinvolvement(26.3±6.0) than in those with positive lymph nodeinvolvement(33.1±4.5) (P < 0.05).3, Within the SCC with c-fos expression positive, 30 examplesthe VEGF expression were positive, and 7 examples VEGFexpression were negative. Within the SCC with c-fos expressionnegative, 10 examples the VEGF expression were negative, and 9examples VEGF expression were positive .With the Spearman rankrelevance analysis, there was no correlation between c-fos andVEGF (n > 50, Rs=-0.259, U=-1.923 P > 0.05).Conclusions:1, Overexpression of c-fos had an important role in the processof occurrence of SCC.2, Overexpression of VEGF had an important role in the processof occurrence and development of SCC, and c-fos may not depondon VEGF in the occurring process of SCC.3, VEGF was one of the important factors angiogenesis in SCC,and it can be a factor to direct prognosis.