Association Of HLA Class Ⅰ And Ⅱ Alleles With Generalized Vitiligo In Chinese Hans In North China

ObjectivesVitiligo is a common acquired depigmentation skin disease. The pathogene-sis of vitiligo has significant genetic and autoimmune implications . Many studies indicated that vitiligo has a familial tendency and may be under multi — gene control . Two types of findings emphasize the autoimmune nature of vitiligo. First , vitiligo patients and their relatives are often complicated with autoimmune disease ,and patients with autoimmune disorders have 10 - 15 times incidence of vitiligo than the general population. Second , many autoantibodies have been detected in vitiligo, such as anti - thyroid , anti - parietal cell and anti - adrenal autoantibodies.These are two clinical types of vitiligo , common vitiligo and dermatomal vitiligo . The common vitiligo include localized, scattered , generalized , acral. In recent studies , there may be a different genetic background among different types of vitiligo.HLA , the human major histocompatibility complex. The study of association between disease and HLA may provide strong evidence of immunogenetic factors in the occurrence and development of these disease . In recent years, various HLA antigens have been reported to be associated with vitiligo ,but they were different with different ethnic, regional background and clinical types. In this study , we used polymerase chain reaction with sequence - specific primers ( PCR - SSP) to investigate the HLA class I and class II alleles in generalizedvitiligo from Chinese Hans in North China, in order to discuss the association between HLA and generalized vitiligo.Materials and Methods1. Patients ;34 patients with generalized vitiligo , they were all non - related Han Chinese in North China. Evey patients underwent a series of clinical evaluation , ranged in age from 28 -93 years with a mean age of 49.53 years old. The control blood samples from 102 disease - free unrelated heslthy blood donors, age, sex,ethnicity matched with the patients.2. Methods( 1) DNA extraction ( 2 ) PCR - SSP procedure ( 3 ) analysis of the results3. Stastistial analysis: (1) comparison of HLA - I and H allelic frequency and relative risk between patients and controls . (2) The significance of difference between the gene frequencies was determined by X test using SPSS 11, the exact P values were calculated by Fisher' s method.ResultsThe results revealed that the frequencies of HLA - A * 300X, Cw * 060X, DRB1 *070X ,DQB1 * 0201 were increased in generalized vitiligo and in the patients with negative family history compared with the controls.Conclusion1. Our study represented the first attempt ever to study the association of HLA class I and class H and generalized vitiligo. The results by case - control study suggested that HLA - A * 300X, Cw * 060X, DRB1' 070X, DQB1 * 0201 could be susceptible alleles to generalized vitiligo in Chinese Hans of North China.2. There may be a different genetic background among different types of vitiligo. Immunogenetic factors played an important part in generalized vitiligo.