Long Search To The Emmetropization And Myopization Of Children's Refractive Errors And The Demonstration In Clinic Therapy

Objective To study the sensitive stage of the refractive changes in children with refractive errors, and discuss the effects of refractive state, age, sex, eyes and the time of therapy for the devolepment of refractive errors, According to long time observing to large samples.Methods The refractions of 383 children (766 eyes), aged 2 to 14 years, were followed for 8 to 18 years; 507 children were amblyopic hyperopia. The spherical refraction was measured under cycloplegia. According to initial refraction all cases were divided into hyperopic group and myopic group, and observed the annual change of the refraction of every child, then performed statistical analysis for the result.Results Hyperopia group: 1) The speed of emmetropia between 8 to 15 was the most significant; 2)There was considerable reduction in the annual change of refraction, mean of 0.44±0.24D; 3) The ratio of low, middle, and high hyperopia changing into emmetropization were 82.18%,36.36%,9.76%, and the age reaching emmetropization were 10.2, 12.3 and 13.6 years old; 4) The reducing of left eye was 0.43±0.24D, and right eye was 0.45±0.24D each year. There was no considerable difference between two eyes; 5)There was no considerable difference between the gender: 6)The reducing of hyperopia with amblyopia each year was 0.45±0.25D. 7) The degree of high hyperopia with amblyopia decreased 0.51±0.26D, and that without amblyopia decreased 0.42±0.22D. Myopia group: 1) The speed of myopization between 9 and 16 age was most significant. 2)The degree increased 0.56±0.28D even year, low myopia is 0.62±0.26D, middle myopia was 0.40±0.25D and high myopia was 0.43±0.32D: The degree of left eye increased 0.56±0.27D, and the right eye increased 0.56±0.29D every year, there was no considerable difference between two eyes. 3) The degree of male increased 0.49±0.29D, and the degree of female increased 0.62±0.24D every year. There was considerable difference between the genders.Conclusions Hyperopia: 1) The diopters of hyperopia decreases more quickly than myopia; 2)The higher of the diopters of hyperopia, the lower ratio transforming emmetropia, the longer time reaching emmetropia; 3) The emmetropization of high hyperopia with amblyopia is more quickly than that without amblyopia. 4) The speed of female's myopization is more quickly than male's.