Clinical Characteristics Of Sleep Disorders And Its Relative Factors In Parkinson's Disease

Objective To evaluate the quality of sleep and to investigate the clinical characteristics of sleep disorders and its relative factors in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods Ninety-six consecutive patients with PD and ninety-eight sex and age-matched ones as the controls participated in subjective sleep evaluation. Sleep assessment was performed by using both Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PQSI) and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) sleep questionnaire. There is no significant difference of age between PD patients (69.08±8.04, n=98) and Controls (70.22±6.55, n=98)(P>0.05). The duration of patients suffered with PD is 6.8114.18 years. Fifteen PD patients and sixteen volunteers were conducted by polysomnographic (PSG) evaluation. Results The poor quality of Sleep was observed in 61 of 96 (63.54%) PD patients compared to 28 of 98 (28.57%) controls (P<0. 01). The manifestation of sleep disorders in 96 PD patients included: difficulties in the initiation of sleep (48.96%) , light and fragmented sleep (71.88%), sleep behavior disorders (nightmares in 50%, scream in 30.20%, defense act in 21.86%), restless legs syndrome(12. 50%), and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) (40.63%). In contrast, the presentation of sleep disorders in controls included: difficulties in the initiation of sleep (22.45%), light and fragmented sleep (50%) and EDS (14.29%). When the PD patients had poor quality of sleep, there was a longer duration of disease, higher Hoehn and Yahr ( H&Y) scores, unified PD rating scale (UPDRS)section III scores, increased use and doses of levodopa , and higher rates of depression (P<0.01) compared to the PD patients with no sleep disorder. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the quality of sleep was significantly associated with H&Y scores, UPDRS-III scores, use and doses of levodopa. Single logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the nightmare was associate significantly with H&Y scores, UPDRS-III scores, trihexyphenidyl doses (P <0.05). When PD patients had excessive...