| Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common clinical pathological process, and a key step in acute organ failure. In the process of IRI, many organs are involved, especially in the kidney and heart. Numerous studies have indicated that the mechanism of IRI are related to oxygen free radicals (OFR), calcium overload (CO), leucocytes, microvescular injury and so on. Among those factors, the most importment ones are OFR and CO.Leonurus Heterophyllus and Angelica Sinensis are known as Chinese traditional medicine herbs with anticoagulation and increasing blood flow properties. However, little is known of their protective roles in renal and myocardial IRI. In the current study, the animal models of both renal and myocardial IRI were established, and renal and myocardial functions, histological changes in kidneys, and the level of MDA, SOD,NO, ROS, GSH-Px , ATPase, LA and Ca2+ in serum , renal and myocardial tissues were examined in order to investigate the mechanisms of Leonurus Heterophyllus and Angelica Sinensis to protect kidney and heart from IRI.Chapter 1 Protective roles and mechanisms of Leonurus Heterophyllus on renal IRI30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups : sham-operation group (sham, n=10), ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R, n=10) and Leonurus Heterophyllus Injection group (LHI, n=10) . Leonurus Heterophyllus Injection containing 20mg/mL of Stachydrine \vere purchased from the First Pharmaceutical Factory of Chengdu.The tail vein of rats were cannulated and the renal pedicles were occluded for 45min. After reperfusion for 45min, the animals were killed by neck dislocation, and their blood samples and left kidney were collected immediately. All renal specimen were fixed in formalin and stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE). Histological studies were scored acceding to the Paller's standard. Creatinine (BCr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) in blood, and adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), lactic acid (LA), nitric oxide (NO) contents in blood and renal tissues were measured.The results showed that the levels of BUN and BCr in I/R+LHI weremuch lower than those in I/R (p < 0.05). The pathological changes in renal tissue in I/R+LHI were improved significantly in comparison with I/R. The mean histological scores in I/R+LHI were lower than in I/R (p<0.05) .Compared with I/R, the levels of MDA and NO in blood, and MDA, NO, ROS and LA content in renal tissue were decreased in I/R+LHI, whereas SOD, Ca2+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and Na+-K+-ATPase activity in renal tissue were significantly increased in I/R+LHI.Compared with Sham, the changes of above parameters in either blood or renal tissue were significant difference from those in I/R (p < 0.05).These results suggested that Leonurus Heterophyllus Injection could improve renal function in renal IRI and diminished the renal tubule damage. The mechanisms that LHI protects renal structure and functions from acute IRI may be related to scavenging OFR, reducing lipid peroxidation , increasing SOD and ATPase activity, attenuating Ca2+ overload and NO content.Chapter 2 The Protective effects of Radix Angelica Sinensis on acute ischemic renal injury (AIRI) of rabbitsTo investigate the protective effects of Radix Angelicae Sinensis (RAS) and Panax Notoginseng Saponins (PNS) on AIRI induced by glycerol. A total of 40 rabbits were divided randomly into four groups (10rabbits in each group): the AIRI+RAS group, the AIRI+PNS group, the AIRI control group, and the normal control group. AIRI animals were created by hypodermic injection of glycerol. In AIRJ+RAS group, RAS (50mg/kg.b.w.) was injected intramuscularly (i.m) at Oh, 3h and 6h after injection of glycerol, respectively. In PNS group, A dose of 50mg/kg.b.w. of PNS injection was injected i.m at the same time points. The changes of renal functions and structure were observed at 24h after injection of glycerol, and the MDA, calcium, SOD, glutathione peroxidase (G...
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