| Despite the use of "flaps" in the reconstructive surgery for hundreds of years, there remain a vast number of unresolved questions in the area. For example, the clinical used flaps may have unpredictable high rate of partial flap necrosis after being transferred. The method to increase the viability of the transferred flap became very important. We try to study the Chinese traditional medicine in an effort to increase the viability of the "flaps", and to prove the possibility of their clinical usage.Tetramethylpyrazine(TMP), as an element extracted from the Chinese traditional medicine Chuanxiong, has been widely used in the research to prevent many kinds of ischemia-reperfusion injuries, and even the apoptosis in ischemic organs. As a calcium blocker, tetramethylpyrazine's vasorelaxing effects as dilating vessels, increasing the blood flow in the coronary and cerebral artery and inhibiting the congregation of platelets have been proven in many experiments. However there were few reports to study the effects of tetramethylpyrazine on the "flaps". As tetramethylpyrazine could prevent the ischemia-reperfusion injuries, an important factor to the necrosis of the flaps too, we suppose that tetramethylpyrazine may have beneficial effects on the survival of flaps.To investigate tetramethylpyrazine's effects on the skin flaps, 40 healthy rats were enrolled in a random control study and divided into control group, high dose group, middle dose group and small dose group, respectively with 10 rats each group. After formation of the classic " McFarlane flap " model, NS, tetramethylpyrazine injection of high dosage, middle dosage or small dosage were administered systemically intraperitoneally to four groups of rats two or three times a day. After seven days' treatment, the viable and necrosis area of the flaps were measured, every rat was taken photos for future use, and the statistical analysis was used to test if tetramethylpyrazine helped or not.Materials and methods1, Subject and medicine:40 healthy rats were divided randomly into control group, high dose group, middle dose group and small dose group respectively with 10, 10, 10, and 10. The weights of the rats are all about 200g. Tetramethylpyrazine Hydrochloride Injection, bought from the 7th pharmacy corporation of WUXI.2, Model:The "McFarlane flap" model. This flap consisted of a cranially based dorsal skin flap elevated at the level of deep muscle fascia, including the panniculus carnosus. The dimensions of the flap were 8×1.5 cm2. To decrease the errors, the same person operated all the rats.3, Management:Right after formation of model, in the control group, 1ml NS had been administered systemically intraperitoneally, and once a day for 7 days, in high dose group, tetramethylpyrazine had been (225mg/Kg) three times a day for 7days , and in middle dose group, tetramethylpyrazine had been (150mg/Kg) twice a day for 7days, and in small dose group , tetramethylpyrazine had been( 15 mg/Kg) twice aday ,also for 7days.4, Observation and Measurement:Observe and register the changes of the flaps each day, and at the 7th day after the formation of model, we copy the viable and the necrosis parts of the flap on the transparent paper, and compare the weights of the two parts of the paper to determine the viability of the flaps.5, Medical Statistic Analysis:All data were statistically analyzed with SPSS/10.10 for Windows. They were expressed as mean plus or minus standard deviation (x±s), Hypothesis testing methods used included one-way ANOVA and Student's t test. In the statistical analysis of this study, the level of hypothesis testing( a ) was P<0.05 in order to avoid false positives( a -error).Results1. Basic Information:In the experiment, except small dose group, a few of rats in the other groups have died from unknown reason. Death rate of rats was 10.0% in the control group, 10.0% in the middle dose group and 20.0% in the high dose group.2. Pattern of necrosis:In 24 hours, the skin flap became pale...
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