| Pushing 4 japonica rice varieties had be tested, direct seeding, Machine and hand-processing plant and a blank 12 The system of different varieties of planting methods on growth characteristics,at pingming town in Donghai County, Jiangsu Province in the 2008-2009, yield and its formation, quality and nitrogen uptake and utilization such as the difference, the main results are as follows:1st, direct seeding rice yield were lower than the hand planting rice more than 20%, machine transplanting rice production were lower than the hand planting rice for more than 6%. the highest yield of hand planting rice, followed by the machine transplanting rice, direct seeding rice minimum. The yield components, the machine transplanting rice is larger than the spike is larger than hand planting rice and direct seeding rice machine rice grains was significantly lower than hand planting rice, seed setting rate and grain weight is insignificant, as direct seeding Rice, machine transplanting rice spikelets less overall, and hand planting rice production are not.2nd, jointing of dry matter showed hand transplantingrice> Direct seeding rice> machine transplanting rice. direct seeding rice could be a good light and temperature conditions, growth is faster, jointing machine transplanting rice hand planting rice total dry matter of 78% or so. Machine transplanting rice as the starting point of material small groups to jointing machine transplanting rice total dry matter was only hand planting rice is about 68%. To heading the dry hand transplantingrice> machine transplanting rice> direct seeding rice; in maturity, machine transplanting rice total dry matter basic to hand planting rice, but the growth of individual small, dry matter and lower than the hand planting rice. Comparison of dry matter accumulation of different growth stages of the final accounts for the proportion of biological yield was found, a large amount of direct seeding rice medium-term growth, dry matter jointing to heading up the final accounts for the biological production of 40%. Mechanical transplanting rice large amount of medium-term growth, dry matter jointing to heading up the final accounts for the biological production of 38.9%; increase the amount of dry matter after heading, the proportion of machine transplanting rice than hand-planting rice.Vegetative organs in the yield of dry matter accumulation and transfer of the performance of three planting the same way that the sheath of dry leaves and a net decrease in the net increase in stem, leaf and sheath that before heading stored assimilates in the grain and to spike output, while the stem is still a sink organ, continued to accumulate assimilates. From the vegetative organs of the whole (leaf + sheath + stem) of view, storage of material is still out, the new ear dry matter is transferred to the reproductive organs. Add amount of grain and the assimilation products of photosynthesis (direct supply ability), and vegetative organs of the output, the transfer of assimilation products (indirect supply ability), whereas this is the ultimate material basis of economic production, direct seeding rice, machine transplanting rice.These two capabilities are weaker than hand planting rice. Comparison of different times and in different organs of the dry matter can be seen, heading machine transplanting rice leaf dry matter was higher than hand planting rice, direct seeding rice, and stem, sheath, ear lower than the hand planting rice was higher than direct seeding rice; mature vegetative organs machine transplanting rice dry matter than hand planting rice and direct seeding rice, and ear dry matter less than the hand planting rice was higher than direct seeding rice. 3rd, Under the experimental conditions, the amount of goods to see shots transplanted rice milling quality is better than machine transplanting rice, direct seeding rice milling quality is the worst. Hand planting rice appearance quality rate and chalky chalky rice were higher than machine transplanting, but also much higher than direct seeding rice. The amount of consideration from the product by hands-free chalky grain rice is greater than the weight machine transplanting rice and direct seeding rice. Direct seeding rice eating quality than machine transplanting rice protein content higher than the hand planting rice, gel consistency consistent with protein expression, but the performance of hand-amylose greater than the machine transplanting rice than direct seeding rice .RVA values of the performance of different spectral characteristics.4th, This study shows that nitrogen accumulation of transplanting period and suffies the seedling stage was significantly less than hand-planting and machine transplanting rice than direct seeding rice. to the jointing stage, the nitrogen accumulation in close to 90% of hand planting rice.Direct seeding rice, machine transplanting rice tillers more valid, though ineffective tillers recession, as the mobile element of the nitrogen transport to other organs can be further re-use, but only in a certain time lag, but also affected the phase the normal growth of tillers. Direct seeding rice and machine transplanting rice before heading with some nitrogen accumulation, but the proportion of invalid accumulation of more transmission capacity to the poor grain, while after heading, the nitrogen accumulation capability is weak.According to different cultivation methods yield components, tillering characteristics, material production and nitrogen uptake and utilization of differences and different characteristics, the machine transplanting rice yield ways: use high-yielding varieties, cultivation Seedling, a reasonable starting point for groups, control and achieve the appropriate invalid tiller spike, make full use of advantages of tillers, plant dry matter accumulation to promote and nurture strong stalk big ear to form adequate storage capacity, and ensure a high seed setting rate and grain weight, get high. Raise rice yield way to direct seeding: selected early maturing high-yielding varieties, proper planting is broadcast early grab the whole rice seedlings, extended growth period, increased spike rate, full use of advantages of tillers, plant dry matter accumulation to promote and nurture strong stalk big ear, the formation of adequate storage capacity, and ensure a high seed setting rate and grain weight, get high. |
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