Research On The Design Of The Automatic Transplanting Machine And The Seeding Planting Technology

There are many vegetable varieties in China,among which the densely planted vegetables,such as small pepper,Shanghai green and so on,have the planting requirements of small plantspacing and small row spacing.Such vegetables have great economic benefits,large demand,and the planting operation is still mainly manual,there is no suitable model of transplanting machine in China,while foreign models do not meet the domestic planting agronomic demand.Therefore,it is urgent to carry out the research and development of vegetable transplanting machine to meet the requirements of small plant spacing and close planting.The researchwork of this thesis is as follows:(1)By analyzing the agricultural requirements of dense planting vegetables,studying the characteristics of transplanting machinery and the method of pot seedlings,the basic design scheme of machine is determined.Based on electric power,using electric chassis,electric seedling planting and a series of electric scheme,improve the accuracy of seedling,seedling planting,realize the efficiency of planting 6000～8000 seedling bowl per hour,reached the requirement of dense planting vegetables,including planting spacing reach 120 mm,planting distance can be adjusted in 100mm～250mm range,meet the requirements of most of the domestic vegetables.(2)The design requirements of the transplanting machine and the relevant performance parameters are specified.By discussing the working principle and working process of key components such as seedling bowl conveying device,seedling taking mechanism and scattered planting mechanism,a series of actions such as transportation,clip,placing,planting and soil covering are clarified,so as to ensure the rationality of the whole machine structure design and the stability of the coordinated movement of each component.This study conducts the overall design of the electric chassis,determines the differential steering and rear wheel drive,and improves the controllability of the transplanting machine.Calculate and analyze the selection parameters of key hardware of electric chassis,such as determining the power of drive motor is2.3k W and generator is 10 k W,to ensure that the power source meets the operation needs of each component of the transplanting.(3)According to the mismatch between the 64 mm between the claw and the 120 mm between the planted beak,a new pitch dispersion mechanism is designed based on the cylinder driving mode.According to the multi-body dynamic simulation of the pitch dispersion mechanism,the pitch dispersion is completed within a certain time,and the cylinder is required to provide 150 N force,so the MA20400 SCA cylinder is selected as the driving cylinder.Subsequently,the structural strength of the pitch dispersion mechanism is verified by Ansys Work Bench static analysis.Further build the test bench to verify whether it meets the movement time requirements and the mechanism stiffness requirements.(4)According to the requirements of close planting and transplanting machine,multiple planting institutions are designed,and the planting method of planting 8 seedling bowls and vertical soil at the same time is proposed.Through theoretical calculation and analysis,the feasibility of multiple-line planting mechanism operation is clarified.The Ansys Work Bench strength simulation analysis is conducted for the linkage rod of the key parts of the planting mechanism to verify that the strength meets the design requirements.(5)In view of the multiple planting device 8 duck beak planted at the same time,there is a problem of large resistance to the soil,according to the market common duck mouth structure,the preliminary design of double incision,four incision,conical three duck mouth appearance structure.Based on Hertz-Mindlin with Bonding contact model,EDEM software,Recur Dyn kinematic model,Recur Dyn kinematics model into EDEM discrete element model for coupling simulation test,the dynamic process of reaction force,and the structure is double incision.(6)Based on the STM32 platform and HX711 module,the soil resistance test was conducted to verify the effectiveness of the soil resistance model and the feasibility of the planting mechanism.Through multiple dense planting automatic transplanting machine field test,verify the machine performance and the coordination of action,the test results show that planting qualified rate reached 96.62%,plant distance coefficient of variation is only 3.55%,planting efficiency of 7135 plants / h,shows that the machine performance qualified,spacing meet the requirements,stable operation between parts,multiple dense planting automatic transplanting machine as expected.