The Effects Of Mixture And Fertilization On The Forage Quanlity And Soil Nutrients Of The Seasonal Rotation System In Yunnan Province

Population explosion caused a great deal of pressure on land resources. China's per capita quantity of cultivated land is far below the world average level, with the growing problem of soil degradation, how to use of cultivated land resources in sustainable has become a major constraint problem of agricultural development. Resolved the above problems, from the aspect of agricultural research, it focused on reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer and pesticide, and scientific farmland cultivate and management pattern to use land and maintain land. Crop rotation is one of the basic methods to maintain soil fertility and increase the productivity of farming and animal husbandry, with limited land resources, researched the rotation model has an important significance for agricultural development.In October 2007 to 2008,Tian ba Huize Qujing in Yunnan Province mountain plateau as an example, to study the Yunnan local traditional farming methods, continuous cropping and maize - Hairy vetch - maize rotation on corn yield and N,P content and soil fertility in order to evaluation of the traditional model of grass-cropping rotation is scientific feasible; Compared to five kinds of local legumes and gramineous plant species,in order to find the best forage seed; Through studying the different amount of phosphorus and forage mixture in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau region of the gross-crop rotation's fields yield and quality, soil fertility and stubble cropper yield, estimated the best fertilizer quanlity and forage mixture proportion. The results show that:Compared to the continuous cropping plot maize yield 3940kg/hm2, the traditional mountainous areas of Yunnan Plateau maize - Hairy vetch - maize rotation's maize yield increased 612 kg/hm2. The latter soil total nitrogen,soil's organic matter ,total phosphorus and soil available phosphorus content is 0.3892%,4.2254 g/kg,0.6955g/kg and 7.7278g/kg higher than the former 0.3642%,3.5143 g/kg,0.6069 g/kg and 7.6992g/kg(P<0.05). The latter's maize seed, maize straw and maize root nitrogen and phosphorus content has no significant difference (P> 0.05).Among the different fertilize treatments, fertilize P2O5378kg/hm2 have significant effect on herbage quality(P<0.01),herbage yield is 1.769kg/m2,crude protein 18.85%, NDF and ADF is 37.29% and 20.24%;Fertilize has no significant difference on stubble cropper nitrogen and phosphorus content(P>0.05), fertilize P2O5378kg/hm2 maize nitrogen content is the highest, no fertilize maize phosphorus content is the highest; Fertilize has no significant difference on march 2008 soil total nitrogen; Fertilize has significant difference on october 2008 soil total nitrogen, P2O5378kg/hm2 has the highest soil total nitrogen 0.4085%; The effects of different fertilizer treatments on soil organic matter, total phosphorus and soil available phosphorus content have significant difference(P<0.05),fertilize P2O5378kg/hm2 have the highest content.Through compared the production of five different grass species shows, gross Leguminosae hairy-vetch son and barley grass legume is the best mixed pasture seed.Compare to vicia ,mixture has been improved pasture biomass, different ratio of mixed has a significant influence on quality of the pasture (P<0.05). Mixture has significant influence on stubble cropper nitrogen and phosphorus content (P<0.05),50%hairy-vetch:50%barley has the highest maize yield 4739kg/hm2, 75% hairy-vetch :25% barley has the highest maize nitrogen content 1.5956%, hairy-vetch has the highest maize phosphorus content 2.7381g/kg; The effects of mixture in October 2008 soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus and soil available phosphorus content have no significant difference (P>0.05), hairy-vetch has the highest soil total nitrogen and organic matter content; Mixture has significant influence in March 2008 soil total nitrogen and organic matter content (P<0.05).