Research On Countermeasures Of Heilongjiang Province Black-soil Cropland Protection

Black soil cultivated land resource is the world sparse resource,which has good form and characteristics,high fertility power and is very suitable for plant growing.However,black soil cultivated land resource of Heilongjiang province is degenerating and the amount of quantity also comes down rapidly. All the reasons that motioned above leaded to land productivity and utilization ratio coming down sharply, and posed a threat to "northeast China granary" and even the whole nation food security,due to long time unreasonable utilized,ignoring the administration while considering developing only,ignoring investment while considering output only,ignoring cultivate while considering utilize only.Therefore,we need to keep the black soil cultivated land resource degeneration trend within limits urgently,improve a countermeasure and concrete measure based on the problems of utilize of black cultivated land resource,bring into playing black soil cultivated land advantages in natural resources sufficiently,stabilize black soil area total grain output,ensure that the Heilongjiang province to produce important base position as an important marketable grain in country,build the pattern adapting to the province black soil area sustainable development benign ecological environment,and form the new that regional economies development.The research methods of the article are including the combination of norm analysis and demonstration analysis,qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis,quiescent analyze research method and investigation analyses.The article has the conclusions such as:1.This study summarized the fundamental theory that black soil cultivated land's protection.Firstly, the study defined the concept of black soil and black soil area,and expatiated the process and classification of black soil;Secondly,the study analyzed the black soil cultivated land resource attribute,pointed out the connotation,position and affection of black soil cultivated land protection;Finally,based on above,the study analyzed and researched the basic theory of the problem of black soil cultivated land resource protection.2.This study analyzed the current situation,problems and causing and damage of utilizing of Heilongjiang province black soil cultivated land resource.It expounded every black soil area cities and counties black soil cultivated area and population bearing the weight of force,every estate developing current situation,production conditions in agriculture;black soil area farmland ecosystem current situation, farm fundamental construction condition;black soil area soil makes use of condition,every cities and counties loss of soil and water condition.Problems are existence including loss of soil and water is grave, soil layer unexpected turn of events is infertile;the soil fertility comes down,cultivated land mass comes down;black soil physics and chemistry properties worsens;black soil cultivated land quantity falls off;the ecological environment worsens,disaster frequently;middle low-yield land area expands.The causes which being above-mentioned problems are including:the climate,soil,landform,jelly melt to wait for the natural factor and excess reclamation,soil contaminates,cultivation system is unreasonable,the pragmatic function of soil changes to wait for the artificial factor.Black soil cultivated land resource degeneration type and damage show by:mainly the ravine increases by waiting for physics to degenerate to bring about productivity lessening,nutrient balance loses balance waiting for a chemistry to degenerate to bring about a grain yield low but unsteady,organic quality contents reduce waiting for living things to degenerate to bring about agriculture productivity effect go down,the messy symbol uses cultivated land to bring about the permanency degeneration arbitrarily.3.The research bringed forward the basic principle,countermeasures and concrete measures on Heilongjiang province black soil cultivated land protection.We should take sustainable development on black soil cultivated land protection as basic principle,it also brought forward the black soil cultivated land resource protection countermeasure being guided by base:accelerating the project pushing forward the legislation course,carrying out black soil protection;reinforcing an agricultural development planning, finish protecting black soil cultivated land resource;improving the black soil area ecological environment, develop green agriculture;changing mode of business operation,reinforcing farm fundamental construction; science plans,integrates country black soil cultivated land to govern a fund;ascertaining rural economic policy further,bringing a peasant into play banking up with fat secret local god of the land effect.It has also brought forward the concrete measure that black soil cultivated land protects here on the basis:"Two returns two returning back,two administers two defending against " as living things measure,"the ridge loosens a wheel to area field,depths plough " as agriculture measure,the sward's protection and field comprehensive treatment as project measure.By the fact that all above analysis in the protection of black soil resources,sustainable development of agriculture and food security strategy for country can be a reference as theory evidence and scientific countermeasures.