Evaluation Of Cultivated Land Quality In Produce Area Of Rice In Heilongjiang Province

Heilongjiang cultivated land soil is rich,it is our country main commodity grain produces a base,to countrywide grain safety strategy is having decisive effect.In the no.1 document of the central government issued in 2019,the government stressed the need to stabilize grain output,not relax efforts in grain production,promote the practice of storing grain in the field,storing grain in technology,and ensuring that the sown area of grain is kept at 1.65 billion mu.We will steadily improve policies and measures to support grain production,tap the potential of varieties,technologies,disaster reduction and other fields to ensure steady and increased production,and ensure farmers’ basic income from growing grain.We will give full play to the advantages of major grain-producing areas,improve the mechanism for compensating major grain-producing areas for their interests,strictly observe the red line of 1.8 billion mu of farmland,fully implement the special protection system for permanent basic farmland,and ensure that permanent basic farmland covers more than 1.546 billion mu.But the long-term extensive management and overuse have caused the soil erosion and the rice cultivated land quality decline and other environmental damage problems in Heilongjiang province.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate and evaluate the quality of rice cultivated land in this region,identify the main problems in the utilization of rice cultivated land,and provide scientific basis for the quality protection and improvement of rice cultivated land,rational utilization of rice cultivated land resources and sustainable development of economy and society in this region.Unified requirements according to the ministry of agriculture,this study in Heilongjiang province farmland productivity evaluation of rice,on the basis of survey data,constructed including climate conditions,site conditions,section properties,soil nutrient and soil physical and chemical properties and soil management rice cultivated land quality evaluation system,the application of Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process with the method of the regional cultivated land quality grade is divided into ten levels.At the same time,on the basis of cultivated land quality grade evaluation,will the rice cultivated land quality grade according to higher ground(first,second,third),medium to(four etc,five,six and seven,etc)and lower(eight,nine and ten,etc)were classified,analyzed all kinds of main limiting factor,this paper sums up the main measures to improve the soil fertility.The specific research results are as follows:(1)Rice,constructed the Heilongjiang province cultivated land quality evaluation index system,including climate conditions,site conditions,section properties,soil nutrient and soil physical and chemical properties and soil management six major categories,a total of 13 indicators,application of Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process method for determination of the weight,the Heilongjiang province rice cultivated land quality grade is divided into ten levels.(2)According to high-grade,mid-range,and classifies the low level of rice cultivated land quality level analysis,including higher ground(first,second,third)accounted for 3.76% of the total arable land,moderate land(four,five,six,seven,etc)to account for 60.39% of the total arable land area,low land(such as eight,nine,ten,etc)accounted for 35.85% of the total arable land.In this paper,the methods of statistical analysis are used to clarify the main factors that limit the improvement of rice cultivated land quality.There are many factors that limit medium to promote land section configurations,soil texture,drainage capability and ability of farmland irrigation;Land profile configuration,irrigation capacity and soil nutrient content are the main factors limiting the low improvement.(3)In view of the limitation of soil fertility in high,medium and low land,different soil fertility enhancement schemes are put forward.The natural conditions of higher land are superior,which is beneficial to the cultivation of high yield and high quality of rice.Soil nutrients in medium soil were relatively abundant,but some areas had soil organic matter and other nutrients lower than the average level.Soil nutrients are generally deficient in lower regions,and most indexes are lower than the average level of the whole province.