Study On The Transition Of Cultivated Land Use In Reclamation Area Of Heilongjiang Province

Cultivated land use is a complex process in a long time series,and the transition of cultivated land use is the stage embodiment of social and economic development.The transition of cultivated land use form and function is an important content of cultivated land use transition research,which can provide scientific basis and guidance for the allocation of agricultural production resources and optimization of agricultural production mode.Heilongjiang reclamation area is an important commodity grain production base in China,and also the area with the highest level of agricultural modernization in China.Analyzing the characteristics and laws of cultivated land use transformation in Heilongjiang reclamation area can provide reference for the national regulation of cultivated land use,which is of great significance for promoting the sustainable use of cultivated land resources and ensuring national food security.Taking Heilongjiang reclamation area as the research area,this paper analyzes the characteristics of cultivated land use form transition in Heilongjiang reclamation area through the source of quantity transition,dynamic degree and speed of transition,mainly including quantity form transformation,input form transition,scale form transition and output form transition;analyzes cultivated land use in Heilongjiang reclamation area by using entropy weight method and land system function trade-off degree model(LFTD)The characteristics of functional transition and the transition stages are divided.Then,it summarizes the phased characteristics of cultivated land use transition,aiming to provide scientific basis and optimal control measures for cultivated land use transition in Heilongjiang Province.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)From 1995 to 2018,the dominant morphological transition of cultivated land use in Heilongjiang Province’s reclamation area was on the increase and the transition was relatively intense.Both the Sanjiang Plain Reclamation Area and the Songnen Plain Reclamation Area showed an increasing state of arable land utilization and transition.The net conversion increase of cultivated land in the Sanjiang Plain reclamation area is greater than that in the Songnen Plain reclamation area.The conversion of cultivated land in the reclamation area of Heilongjiang Province is reduced to construction land,and the conversion is increased to forest land,grassland,water area and unused land.From the perspective of the source of conversion,the transferred area of cultivated land in Heilongjiang Province mainly comes from unused land and forest land.The area of cultivated land transferred out mainly contributes to forest land and unused land.The transferred cultivated land area mainly contributes to forest land and unused land.The net conversion rate of cultivated land in Sanjiang Plain reclamation area is higher than that in Songnen Plain reclamation area,and the net conversion of cultivated land in Sanjiang Plain reclamation area mainly comes from unused land,while the net conversion of cultivated land in Songnen Plain reclamation area mainly comes from forest land.The area of paddy fields in the Sanjiang Plain reclamation area has increased rapidly,and the proportion of paddy fields in the total area of cultivated land exceeds that of dry land.In addition,in the transformation of the recessive forms of cultivated land use,the increase in the amount of input,the dynamics of the transition,and the speed of the transition showed a process of varying increase and decrease.(2)From 1995 to 2018,the total function of arable land utilization showed a downward-increasing-steady trend.The sub-function of arable land use has mainly undergone a transition process from the function of national economic contribution and social employment guarantee to the function of food security and ecological safety maintenance.Cultivated land use function value changes drastically,the degree of fluctuation is reduced,and the function becomes more stable.The transition process can be divided into three stages: the general function decline stage(1995-2003),the general function improvement stage(2003-2012),and the main function highlights Phase(2012-2018).The transition of cultivated land use function shows obvious spatial imbalance.The growth rate of the functions of the Sanjiang Plain reclamation area is higher than that of the Songnen Plain reclamation area,and at the stage when the main function is highlighted,except for the food security function which is still lower than the Songnen Plain reclamation area,the other functions are overtaken the Songnen Plain reclamation area.There are significant differences in the synergistic characteristics of the three-stage trade-offs in the transformation of cultivated land use function.Weighing the synergy relationship has gone through a process of weighing(66.7%)-synergy(100%)-equalization.(3)Regarding the increase in chemical fertilizer input in the process of cultivated land utilization in reclamation areas,the social employment security function has continued to decline,the level of national economic contribution functions is not high,and the transition of cultivated land use has shown a negative growth.Issues such as spatial imbalance and the trade-off relationship between the food security function and other functions are based on the objectives of“direct target-control target-final target" in accordance with the transformation of cultivated land use in the study area,based on macro-control,local conditions and "three births" Coordination and other principles,the Sanjiang Plain Reclamation Area needs to adopt a sound agricultural industry system,promote the connotative development of agriculture,implement land consolidation,improve the quality of arable land,promote the localization of farms,and improve the modern enterprise management system of various administrations and farms;the Songnen Plain reclamation area needs to build a high-level talent team,build a complete social security system,strengthen the ecological construction of cultivated land in the reclamation area,promote the sustainable use of cultivated land,strengthen the agricultural social service system,and improve the degree of organization.