Studies On The Character Of Blossom And Fruition In Peculiarity Fruit Trees Around Tarim Basin In Xinjiang

The blossoming character,stigmas receptivity,pollens life,pollination media,pollination distance of Korla Fragrant Pear,Red Fuji apple,Hui-zao jujube in Hong-qi po farm in Aksu region were studied by both the field observation and the experiment indoor in this paper.The main results were as follows:1. In April 5th,2008,Korla Fragrant Pear in Aksu district began from initial flowering and the flowering duration was about 15 days.The longevity of individual flowers was 5～6 days,while the pollens life was 25 days in nature condition.The stigmas had the strong receptivity at the 1st and 2nd day of blooming.The pollen-ovule ratio (P/O) was 12186±2603.Based on Cruden's criterion,the breeding system would be termed xenogamy.The floral morphology had the typical animal-pollinated characters,and the fruit setting depends on the pollination by insects or by hand.the effecitive pollinators were Hymenopteran and Dipteran,such as Apis mellifera Ligustica and Eristalis campestris Meigen.The efficiency distance of insects pollination within 20m.The florescence of Korla Fragrant Pear has almost simultaneous with varieties of Dangshan Pear, Zaosu Pear,and Hongxiangsu Pear,and the fruit setting can be promoted by hand pollination with the pollens of these three varieties as well.2. In April 11th.2008,the Korla Fragrant Red Fuji apple were in Initial blossom date,and the flowering duration was about 17days.The longevity of individual flowers was 5～6 days,while the pollens life was 24 days in nature condition.The stigmas had the strong receptivity at the 1st day of blooming.The pollen-ovule ratio (P/O) was 15664±765.Based on Cruden's criterion,the breeding system would be termed xenogamy.The floral morphology has the typical animal-pollinated characters, and the fruit setting depends on the pollination by insects or by hand.Hymenopteran (Apis mellifera Ligustica ) is effecitive pollinators.The efficiency distance of insects pollination less than 20m.The florescence of Red Fuji had almost simultaneous with varieties of qing xiangjiao,Xinshijie,Gala and the fruit setting can be promoted by hand pollination with the pollens of these three varieties as well.Red Fujin apple floral bud morphodifferentiation could be divided into seven developmental stages.They are flower bud indifferentiation stage,Flower order differenriation flower bud differentiation initial stage,sepaldifferentiation stage,petal differentiation stage,stamen differentiation stage and pistildifferentiation stage.All floral morphodifferentiation mainly need more than 90 days.3. In 2008,the initial flowering of Korla Fragrant Hui-zao jujube initial blossom date from May 24th,singal flower just duration 24h.while the pollens life was 11 days in nature condition.Petal deploy,the stigmas had the strong receptivity,The pollen-ovule ratio (P/O) was 151967±4290.The floral morphology has the typical animal-pollinated characters,the effecitive pollinators were Eristalis campestris Meigen,Eristalis sp.,Eristalinus sp.,Calliphoridae,Muscidae,ant and Apis mellifera Ligustica.The efficiency distance of insects pollination within 18m.Hui-zao jujube floral bud morphodifferentiation can be divided into seven developmental stages.They are flower bud indifferentiation stage;Flower order differenriation flower bud differentiation initial stage,sepaldifferentiation stage,petal differentiation stage,stamen differentiation stage and pistildifferentiation stage. All floral morphodifferentiation of singal flower just 6 days.