| Lily belongs to Lilium,Liliaceae,which is widely used in garden,as potted flower and cut flower especially,and it has high values in commerce and ornament t,is one of the most favorite flowers for people.Polyploid breeding is an important approach to improve ornamental quality and resistance for lily.There are abundant wild lily which needs to be explored and introduced in China. The research chose 10 wild species and imported commerce varieties of Lily to establish a in vitro regeneration system.Using colchicines and oryzalin treatments to induce tetraploid plant of L. tsingtauense,L.sargentiae,L.pumilum,which have relatively high ornamental vaules and no reports in successful polyploid plants yet.This study aimed to breed new lily cultivates with big flower and high resistant character,enrich lily genbank,get new cultivates with independent intellectual property, offer significant referenced datum for future study and obtain the valuable breeds,improve resistant character for ortiental hybrids varieties 'Siberia'.The result showed as follows:(1) Regeneration system was established from the study of in vitro culture of the ten species..The results of experiments indicated.for bulbs of 'Siberia','Acapulco','Yelloween',the best differentiation and mutipulication medium was MS+6-BA2.0(mg/L,same below) +NAA0.5,for bulbs of L.pumilum,L.concolor var.pulchellum was MS+6-BA1.0+NAA0.1,the rate of differentiation were 92.16%,90.09%,85.56%,68.26%,60.21%,multiplication ratio were 3.87,3.54,3.70,4.34,4.56.For bulbs of 'White-heaven' the best differentiation medium was MS+6-BA1.0+NAA0.1,bulbs of L.davidii var.unicelor was MS+6-BA1.0+NAA0.5,bulblets of L. lancifolium,L,sargentiae was MS+6-BA1.0+NAA0.1,the rate of differentiation were 80.43%, 95.23%,87.44%,92.00%,The best mutipulication medium for L.tsingtauense,L.lancifolium,L. davidii var.unicelor was MS+6-BA1.0+NAA0.1,while the best mutipulication medium for 'White-heaven',L.sargentiae was MS+6-BA0.5+NAA0.1,for L.lancifolium was MS+6-BA1.0 +NAA0.5,multiplication ratio were 1.49,5.97,3.02,3.00,2.48.The best rooting medium was1/2MS+ NAA0.1.(2) The bulbs and leaves of L.pumilum,L.coneolor var.pulchellum,L.sargentiae,"White-heaven' were selected as explants for callus induction.The results indicated that the best medium for callus induction by bulbs of 'White Heaven',L.sargentiae was MS+6-BA1+NAA0.5,for bulbs of L. pumilum,L.eoncolor var.pulchellum was MS+6-BA2+NAA0.5,rate of callus induction were 57.00%,60.67%,60.93%,67.6%.For leaves of L.pumilum,L.concolor var.pulchellum was MS+KT1.5+2,4-DI+NAA1.5.The best medium for callus multiplication and differentiation of L. pumilum,L.eoncolor var.pulchellum was MS+6-BA1+NAA0.1,for 'White Heaven',L.sargentiae var.pulchellum was MS+6-BA0.5+NAA0.1.(3) The experiment of induceing polyploid for lily by colchicines and oryzaline indicated that the treatments of 0.02%colchicines solution(with 2%DMSO) for 24h,and in 0.006%oryzaline solution(with 2%DMSO) for 24h could have high survive rate for 'Siberia',L.tsingtauense,L. sargentiae,L.pumilum.The mutation rates of them were 22.22%,18.89%,28.89%,18.33%, 15.56%,11.11%,11.11%,8.89%.Though the inductictive frequency of oryzaline was relatively lower, but it has less toxic to plants.So oryzalin could be a promising alternation of colchicine in chromosome doubling.The polyploid were very different from normal plants in morphological shape, which could be used as the basis for early identification of polyploid.Flow cytometry required less samples,fast and accurate,more comprehensive,was a good method of identification.The polyploidy cultivates of L.pumilum,L.concolor var.pulchellum,L,tsingtauense,'Siberia' were obtained.
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