SNP Analysis Of Coding Region In CAST,H-FABP,MyoD1 Gene In Southwestern Cattle And Their Hybrids

Calpastatin(CAST) is an endogenous inhibitor of the calpain system activated by Ca²⁺.It inhibits the decomposability of protein in muscle and reduces the growth speed of muscle cell.After slaughter,it can inhibit the activity of calpain and depressed the hydrolyzation of protein.Researches showed that the product of CAST gene participating in the renovation of protein during cow growth. And it has been found that CAST gene affect the meat tenderness in other livestock.Heart-Fatty Acid Binding Protein(H-FABP) gene's role is to transport the fatty acids from the cell membrane to the location of the fatty acid oxidation and triglyceride and phospholipid synthesis,Study shows that,it has relevance between the H-FABP gene's genetic variation and IMF's content,Initial findings that H-FABP gene homozygous haploid associated with a high content of IMF.The factors of myogenic detemination gene(MyoD) in growth of the skeleton muscle plays an important regulatory role,it can activate the muscle gene transcription and promote myofibroblast differentiation.MyoD1 gene not only make quiescent muscle satellite cells into myoblasts,but also make many types of cells (such as fibroblasts,adipocytes,etc.) into myoblasts,promote Myoblasts further integration,to differentiate into mature muscle fibers,In the course of myoblast play a leading role.In this research,we study the polymorphisms and genetic in bashan cattle,panjiang cattle,shandi cattle,xiza cattle,hongza cattle,zhaotong cattle by the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism(PCR-SSCP)and clone sequencing.In the CAST gene primers C1 appear two kinds of genotypes.In the Primer C2,The polymorphisms of the C2 were caused by T→C transition at 42bp position,T→C transition at 148bp position,C→A transition at 159bp position,A→G transition at 191 bp position and insert fragment at 68bp-70bp position.All cattle's PIC is in the low polymorphism except Zhaotong cattle in a moderate polymorphism PIC,Sequence alignment found tyrosine→serine at 148bp position and alanine→threonine at 191bp position,this point can be used for further study as a candidate gene for meat quality;in the Primer C3,The polymorphisms of the C3 were caused by G→A transition at 27bp position,G→A transition at 182bp position,C→G transition at 251bp position and missing fragment at 124bp-127bp position.In the four loca cattle groups the F₁ is the dominant gene,two crossing groups the dominant gene is E₁.this may be caused by artificial selection.In the six cattle groups,all cattle's PIC is in the Moderate polymorphism,all cattle in the Hardy-Weinberg balance,Sequence alignment found cysteine→alanine at 27bp position.In H-FABP gene of SSCP primer H1 was found only a single band,there is no polymorphism。There are three alleles appear in the Primers H2,but only three kinds of genotypes,all cattle is in a low PIC polymorphism in this position except shandi cattle,Sequencing found the same results,there is no mutation.The Primer M1 in MyoD1,The polymorphisms of the M1 were caused by C→G transition at 49bp position,A→G transition at 207bp position.A₁ was the dominant gene,six groups cattle's PIC are in the moderate polymorphism.Sequencing results showed that the mutation of the 207 make serine→glycine.