Rapid Propagation And Virus-Free Plant Cultivating Of Crocus Sativus L.

Saffron,also known as Crocus sativu,is a perennial herbaceous plant,which belongs to the Iridaceae of Crocus and originally lives in Spain,Turkey,Greece,Iran and so on.As its short stature and beautiful flower shape,saffron is cultivated as ornamental plants for indoor and decorated in the courtyard.It has been a valuable traditional of chinese medicine.In recent years,also found that saffron has a good anti-tumor cancer activity.So it become a hot research and development of plant resources.Because of its unique color and odor.,saffron is a precious saffron flavor,spices and dyes,In China,Saffron can bloom but not fertinize seed,and mainly by vegetative propagation.But long-term vegetative propagation may accumulate a large amount of toxic substances in plant cells and made the plants infected many viruses and bacteria including TuMV(Tumip Mosaic Virus), CMV(Cumumber Mosaic Virus),IMV(Iris Mosaic Virus),TRV(Tobacco Rattle Virus),Anthrax bacteria,Fusarium,Penicillium,Alternaria tenuis Nees and so on.which seriously affect the flowering rate and the yield of medicinal production.In this study,using saffron corms as the material,we improved the technology of rapid vitro propagation,promoted the inducing rate,and explored the high virus-free percent,simple and stable technology.,for the effect efficient stable virus-free method and rapid propagation of saffron constructed,as soon as possible practical.The result of rapid propagation research shows:sterilized 60 seconds by 75%alcohol and 12min by 0.1%HgCl₂.The rate of pollution was only 10.0 percent and the rate of bud germination was 63.3%.the appropriate medium for inducing the differentiation on bulbs of the first culture about,was MS+2.0 mg/L6-BA+0.5 mg/LNAA.Budding rate was 96.7%;MS+2.0 mg/L6-BA+0.3 mg/LNAA,the favorable proliferate medium for adventitious buds,3.47 were their coefficient of multiplication;the most suitable bottle proliferation of cultured seedlings with the temperature 18±2℃.Saffron in vitro can develop into test-tube corms.The best in vitro conditions induced by MS +4.0 mg/L6-BA+0.5 mg/LNAA+0.3g/L AC+2g/L Paclobutrazol+50g/L sucrose,the corms can be induced by the rate of 80%.Saffron test-tube corms can be transplanted and the survival rate was little affected by the matrix.The survival transplanting rate is high and the corms is more than 0.5g,.It shows that the higher corms are,the greater survival rate will be.It is difficult to stripe tip,and also poor in heat resistance,the survival rate is low of tip under 0.5mm.So,the application of variable temperature processing of day-night low-high(36℃/18℃) with combination of tip training,and adding virazole in the medium with combination of tip training.This two methods really cultivate virus-free plant without CMV,TuMV,TRV and IMV of saffron.It is necessary for a further study to determine whether the growth potential,flowering capacity, the size of flowers,medicinal products,and ornamental production areas of saffron will change or not.