Research On Wild Vitis Resources In Guizhou Province

In this study,wild vitis species origined in Guizhou province were investigated and collected,and the species distribution,living condition,biological characteristics,fruit quality and propagation characteristics were studied.The main results are as follows:1.Germplasm resources of wild vitis are abundant.There are 10 species and 2 uncertain species in Guizhou province,including V.quinquangularis,V.adenoclada,V.fengqinensis,V. bellulla,V.yunnanensis,V.retordii,V.davidii,V.pseudoreticulata,V.flexuosa,V.wilsonae,V. chunganensis,V.betulifolia and 2 uncertain species are Weng'ang-14 and Weng'ang-15.The distribution and density of every wild vitis is different.The V.quinquangularis is the widest in distribution and maximum density.The V.adenoclada is the second.V.pseudoreticulata and 2 uncertain species are the least.The species of wild vitis are the most in Qiannanzhou, including 8 species and 2 uncertain species.2.The environment adaptability of different wild vitis species is different.The environment where the V.pesudoreticulata and the two uncertain species Weng'ang-14 and Weng'ang-15 grow is very strict,while V.quinquangularis's adaptability is very powerfulandcan grow in every soil type.3.It is different in the living conditions and soil nutrient content of different wild vitis in Guizhou province,and it varies in different lines of the same wild vitis species too.The contents range of soil available N and available P of V.quinquangularis are wide,and the range of soil organic matter of V.adenoclada is wide too.Lines of V.quinquangularis (Huishui-1,Qianling-2) and V.adenoclada(Fanjingshan-6,Leishan-5) could be planted and utilized extensively in areas of soil impoverishment.4.It is different in the the biological characteristics of different wild vitis species and lines in Guizhou province.The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate(Pn.) of wild vitis exhibits "single peak" curve and "double peak" curve.The order of different wild vitis species from small to big is V.adenoclada＞V.quinquangularis＞V.wilsonae＞shuijing＞V. davidii＞V.retordit＞V.bellulla＞V.yunnanensis＞Weng'ang-14＞Weng'ang-15.The lines of V.quinquangularis that the daily average Pn.is more than 'Shuijing' grape are as follows: Huajiang2^#＞Huajiang3#＞Xiaoqikong1^#＞Xishan7^#＞Huajiang1^#＞nongxue-yuan3^#＞Huaxi9^#＞Din-gyuancheng1^#＞Nongyuan11^#＞Xingzhenglou2^#＞Huajiang 10^#＞'Shuijing' grape,Lines of V.wilsonae that daily average Pn.is more than 'Shuijing' grape are as follows: Dongpo9^#＞Xishan42^#＞Dongshan28^#＞Xishan 39^#＞'Shuijing' grape,and the oders of daily average of V.adenoclada's different lines is Xiaoqikong4^#＞Xiaoqikong5^#＞Maolan7^#＞Fanjingshan5^#＞'Shuijing' grape.The grow potention of wild vitis species has disparity.The Huaxi4^# and nongxue-yuan11^# of V.quinquangularis,Xiaoqikong5^# of V.adenoclada and Dongpo1^# of V.wilsonae grow well.5.Seed natural germination rate is lower than 25%and it can be improved by using exogenous GA₃,but the reaction of different species on GA₃ is different.Germination rates of V.davidii and V.adenoclada are respectively 45.7%and 45.00%when the treatment concentration of GA₃ is 250 mg·L^-1.In the germination stage,the metabolism of seed content can provide energy sources and nutrients and the change of wild vitis species is different.In all the seed content,the carbohydrate of the V.quinquangularis is the least and the metabolism is slowest.The metabolism law of V.adenoclada and V.davidii is close to each other.6.Taking hard branches as cutting,the survival rate is very low even if the branches were treated with ABT₂.It varies in different vitis species and lines.The line Maolan-6 of V. adenoclada is the highest(28.57%),and the line Fanjingshan-3 is the second(23.81).The rooting of most of wild vitis is very diffcult so the cutting can't survival.7.Taking different species as stock and the Shuijing as scion,the graft affinity is different,it is the highest when using the V.quinquangularis as stock(69.23%) and the V. davidii's is the lowest(10.00%).Taking V.quinquangularis as stock and different cultivars as scion,the graft affinity is different too,the highest is Chaoteng(93.33%) and while the lignification degree of Shuijing in former years if the highest.8.The ears of wild vitis are small and their simple grain weights are light,but yield and the solubility solid of some lines are high,and the content of reducing sugar and solubility sugar of orther lines are the same as the cultivar.