Effects Of Neotyphodium Endophytes On Turfgrass And Its Pathogenic Fungi

Achnatherum inebrians, Elymus dahuricus and Hordeum brevisubulatum are growing at native grassland in Northwestern China, symbiotic with Neotyphodium endophytes were studied, mainly including the allelopathic effects of endophytes on turfgrasses, Poa pratensis, Lolium perenne and Festuca arundinacea, antifungal activities of endophyte on pathogenic fungi. The results summarized as followings.1,There were endophyte infected seed samples in 1 of 13 P. pratensis,7 of 9 L. perenne,3 of 11 F. arundinacea and 1 of 1 Eragrostis pilosa. However, only 5 smples of L. perenne seeding infected by means of germination of the endophyte-infected seeds.2,The filter paper germination experiment showed that, compred to endophyte-free (E-) grass, the extracts from endophyte-infected (E+) A. inebrians remarkably enhanced the growth of L. perenne and F. arundinacea, inhibited the growth of P. pratensis. The extracts from E+E. dahuricus remarkably enhanced the growth of L. perenne and P. pratensis, inhibited the growth of F. arundinacea. The extracts from E+H. brevisubulatum remarkably inhibite the growth of L. perenne and P. pratensis, enhanced the growth of F. arundinacea.. The potted plant experiment showed that the extracts from E+A. inebrians remarkably enhanced the growth of F. arundinacea. The extracts from E+E. dahuricus of Neotyphodium-infected remarkably enhanced the growth of P. pratensis. The extracts from E+H. brevisubulatum remarkably inhibite the growth of F. arundinacea and P. pratensis.3,Three fungal isolates from P. pratensis, F. arundinacea and Cynodon dactylon. were studied morphologically and molecularly. These fungal isolates from P. pratensis, F. arundinacea and C. dactylon were identified as Fusarium avenaceum, Microdochium sp. and Curvularia inaequalis, respectively.4,The experiment indicated that Neotyphodium endophytes could enhance the antifungal activities of Alternaria alternata, Bipolaris sorokiniana, F. avenaceum and Trichoderma viride by E+ A. inebrians, E. dahuricus and H. brevisubulatum. Compared to E- extracts, E+ one of E. dahuricus could remarkably enhanced the inhibition on mycelial growth of A. alternata, F. avenaceum and T. viride, spore germination of A. alternata and B. sorokiniana, length of germ tube of F. avenaceum, respectively. E+ extracts of A. inebrians could remarkably enhanced inhibition on mycelial growth of F. avenaceum and T. viride, spore germination of A. alternata, B. sorokiniana and F. avenaceum, length of germ tube of F. avenaceum and T. viride, respectively. E+ extracts of H. brevisubulatum could remarkably enhanced the inhibition on mycelial growth, spore germination and length of germ tube of T. viride, respectively.