The Impact Of Intercropping On Soil Physical And Chemical Properties And The Growth Of Camellia Oleifera

Camellia oleifera belongs to the genus Camellia, with a high fat content and of great economic value, is one of the main woody oil tree species in China, and known as the world's four major edible oil plants together with oil palm, olive and coconut tree.Since C. oleifera is a perennial woody plants, the period from seedlings to start fruiting cycle is quite long. During this period, the revenue is little.Choosing reasonable intercropping patterns can not only improve the growth and soil conditions, but also bring some ecological benefits.This study design randomized block on 1 year C. oleifera inter-planted perilla and 2 years C. oleifera intercropping Guangdong Callicarpa and peanut, and without intercropping as control,analysis the growth of young C. oleifera saplings of different intercropping patterns and soil environment, as well as situation of intercropping raw materials and economic analysis, aimed to find out the best mode of intercropping in young camellia, rich organic tea cultivation model for the tea garden and industrial development to provide technical support and the theory of reference.The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Investigation on the growth of intercroppingThe survey shows that peanuts and perilla obtained high coverage, the coverage respectively is 85.6% and 93.2%, reached a peak in the September. The height growth of peanut during the investigation is weak, and the height is less than 20cm. The height growth of 2 years C. oleifera intercropping perilla and Guangdong Callicarpa is obvious, respectively, from 53.3cm and 57.8cm on July 1th to 79.8cm and 70.3cm on October 21th,which are higher than the height of 2 years C. oleifera, thus affecting the normal growth of C. oleifera.(2) The impact on main physical and chemical soil properties of intercropping on young camelliaAfter harvest by intercropping material survey of soil physical and chemical properties, the soil water content intercropping perilla,Guangdong Callicarpa and peanut reduced by 28%,28% and 27%.1 year old young camellia intercropping perilla tea field capacity increased by 90% than non- intercropping land.2 years old young camellia intercropping Guangdong Callicarpa and peanut tea field capacity increased by 41% and 49% than non-intercropping land. The bulk density intercropping perilla, Guangdong Callicarpag and peanut decreased by 28%,15% and 15% compared to the non-interplanted land. Meanwhile, the soil porosity of inter-planted perilla, Guangdon Callicarpag and peanut respectively increased by 29%,24%,and 24%.There is found no significant difference between intercropping or not on the whole P content and available P content. This may benter planted with the application of P fertilizer as basal fertilizer before there is a certain link. Available soil N content in 1-year old young camellia intercropping perilla decreased by 12.5%, while the 2-year old young camellia intercropping Guangdong Callicarpa and peanut decreased by 26.3%,25.6%.The preliminary view that intercropping perilla better than intercropping peanuts and Guangdong Callicarpa, Meanwhile, intercropping peanut is better than intercropping Guangdong Callicarpa.(3) The impact of intercropping on the growth of Camellia oleiferaAnalysis showed that the impact of 1 year forest intercropping perilla oil-tea tree makes generation high, diameter growth and leaf area, chlorophyll content increased, but can promote the growth of young tea branches and flourishing. Intercropping peanut is more favorable to the generation growth of 2-year oil-tea than intercropping Guangdong Callicarpa, two models of intercropping both led leaf area lower, and leaf area of 2 years old oil-tea reduced greater than of 1 year old C. oleifera.Camellia under the intercropping patterns of height and diameter compared with the same trend. From April to July, intercropping perilla, peanut and Guangdong Callicarpa show the same trend on diameter growth of C. oleifera, height growth increase 8.86cm, 2.37cm and 1.39cm. From July to October, the diameter and height growth of C. oleifera intercropping peanut increase more than that intercropping Guangdong Callicarpa, the former diameter and height growth increase by 0.11cm,5.29cm, and the later increases by 0.06cm,2.42cm.Analysis of variance showed that: intercropping tea seedlings on diameter, height, leaf area and chlorophyll content is no significant difference.(4) The economic benefits of intercroppingThrough the cost and purchase price f inter-planted matter, comparing the ratio of out put to input intercropping objects, analysis of the economic benefits of intercropping under young camellia. Peanut farm output to input ratio by the average valuation of 1.2, perilla is 1.13, and Guangdong Callicarpa is 1.1, parity derived from peanuts, there is only a slight advantage. Comparing the benefits and harvest time, peanuts, and perilla can be harvested in one year, while Guangdong Callicarpa can grow and benefit for many years. In terms of value and sales of the three can be used as medicine, as well as the peanut crop. Peasants are easily acquired and loved by people. Perilla and Guangdong Callicarpa are herbal medicines with short supply in today's market, so the price of that is higher than peasants. But perilla and Guangdong Callicarpa have greater market risk and price fluctuations. The surveys show that Guangdong Callicarpa is more popular with farmers than perilla, due to its can benefit many years through growing one year, that take the greatest advantage.