| Herba Cistanche is an important group in China plants resources. Cistanche decerticola is a common traditional Chinese medicine that has been used to reinforce the vital function of kidney, induce laxation and impotence,female infertility with a reputable name as "Desert Ginseng".However, because of over-excavation,this resource will die away in recent decades and has been listed in Second Class State Protection of Plants in China in 1989 and listed in《Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora》.At present,most study of C. decerticola focus on medicinal ingredients.In this article we apply ISSR to study 13 populations to reveal genetic diversity of C. decerticola.The ISSR molecular marker results were as follows:1.ISSR analysis of genetic relationship for 13 populations of C. decerticola carried out with 7 ISSR primers.63 loci which contains 62 polymorphic loci were found and the percentage of polymorphic loci was 98.44%,indicating a high genetic diversity of Cistanche.2. Genetic variation of F. Manshurica was counted in this paper with Shannon information index and Nei's gene diversity index. The range of Nei's index was from 0.0625 to 0.2302, and that of Shannon' index was from 0.0866 to 0.3192, The variations of 13 populatons indicated by the two indexes were identical.3.The coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst) is 0.6239. There are 62.39% of total variation among populations. The estimate of gene flow from Gst (Nm) is 0.3015,indicating obvious differentiation existed among 13 populations.
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