Genetic Diversity Of Chinese Dairy Goats Based On Microsatellite Analysis

The genetic diversities of 6 Chinese dairy goat populations were investigated using 15 microsatellite DNA markers through fluorescence PCR. The markers were recomended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO). The genetic diversity of Laoshan dairy goat, Wendeng dairy goat, Xinong Saanen dairy goat and Guanzhong dairy goat, the introduced varieties dairy goat, Saanen dairy goat and the Nubian dairy goat were analyzed with 15 microsatellite markers. Through genetic analysis software Molkin3.0, FSTAT(Version2.9.3.2)and POPGENE1.32 analyzed and the phylogenetic tree were drawn by MEGA5.1. The result showed that:⑴The allele of the 15 microsatellite loci is more than 7 except BMS0812, and the rest is highly polymorphic. The average PIC of all loci was 0.7243. It was shown by the result of microsatellite markers: fifteen of the microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic.⑵The results showed that a total of 169 alleles was detected, effective allele is 73.72, accounting for 43.62% from 6 varieties. The number of different loci are quite different, the range is 3-29, an average of 11.26, which CSSM66, BMS1248,and INRA011 reached more than 15, indicating that the dairy goat are rich in genetic diversity. hybrid population with high note by selection, mutation and genetic drift combined effects of factors such as larger. The average effective number of alleles is at 1.7738 (BMS0812) ~ 9.5982 (INRA011). The detected number of alleles are between 3 to 29, with a larger difference between the effective number of alleles, indicating that the uneven distribution of alleles, which may be related to artificial selection. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) of Laoshan dairy goat and Wendeng dairy goat is lower than expected heterozygosity (He), showed that the population have more homozygous, indicating that the groups are more homozygous individuals, and the two population are Affected by the selection, mutation and genetic drift and other factors. And the observed heterozygosity (Ho) of the rest is higher than the expected heterozygosity (He), show that the population have more heterozygous.⑶The total coancestry coefficient of all dairy goat breeds is 0.6433, and the average subpopulation coancestry coefficient is 0.2871, inbreeding coefficient is 0.2865, FIS, FST, and FIT values were 0.0009, 0.0752 and 0.0745. FIS is positive indicating that stocks are in a state of heterozygosity loss, there are different levels of inbreeding phenomenon. Gene fixation index is 0.05