A Theoretical Study Based On The Pathogenesis

Foreword:The paper aims to discuss current researches on the external pathogenic factors in summer and introduce the thoughts of determination of treatment based on differentiation of exterior syndromes of Professor Xiao Xiangru to discuss and analyze summer-heat diseases. And the paper analyzes problems by (1) summarizing the causes of summer-heat diseases and (2) the understanding of elholtzia and agastache rugosus in different times, discussing the nature and pathogenic characteristics of summer-heat diseases, (4) the influencing factors of summer heat diseases and (5) the names of summer-heat diseases and confusion on summer-heat clearing prescription and combining the thoughts of determination of treatment based on exterior syndromes of Xiao hoping to provide a new clinically feasible treatment plan.Research objective:There are many achievements on the pathogenesis and treatment of summer-heat diseases in the modern research of theory of the external factors causing summer-heat diseases, but those theories are the result of interaction and ignoring differences and there are still many disagreements and much space to discuss and explore. For example, summer-heat relieving medicines include heat-clearing and fire-clearing drugs and pungent-warm diaphoretics. The questions about summer-heat relieving drugs become my research motivation. The paper discusses the problems about the theory of the external factors causing summer-heat diseases by cleaning up concepts hoping to clean up the past theories of the external factors causing summer-heat diseases and raise my own opinions by observing the vein of academic development and based on understanding previous opinions, provide a angle of explanation and provide a possible approach for the research on the theory of the external factors causing summer-heat diseases.Research methodsThe research adopts literature analysis supplemented by comparative analysis and inductive research. The paper first reviews the literature cleaning up the nature, pathogenesis, treatment and relevant theories of the external factors causing summer-heat diseases and introducing current theories and potential problems.Then, it develops in two lines including the theories about the external factors causing summer-heat diseases in the past; and the researches on Agastache rugosus and elsholtzia as summer-heat-relieving traditional Chinese medicines and academic thoughts in the past and the further analysis of problems. Next, it analyzes corresponding theoretical problems by combining Professor Xiao Xiangru’s thoughts about superficial syndrome and concept of habitus. It starts from the original definitions of ’heat’, grasps the features of heat by explaining historical materials and the medical books in Qin and Han dynasties and uses current theories of external factors causing summer-heat diseases to prove them to highlight the applicability and innovation of thoughts. At last, it combines the results to comparatively analyze the definitions, components and main functions of the five representative summer-heat clearing prescriptions including xiangru powder, huoxiang zhengqi powder, Wang’s Qingshu YiQi Decoction, Dongyuan Qingshu YiQi Decoction and Baihu Decoctine, and raises research suggestions on the naming and treatment prescriptions of the external factors causing summer-heat diseases.Contents:The paper can be divided into two parts. The first part is the literature review of the theory of external pathogenic factors in summer which introduces the progresses in the field from the aspects of nature of summer-heat diseases, theory of yin affliction in summer, disease pathway and pathogenic sites, accompanying and treatment, and explores the possible problems in modern clinical determination of treatment based on differentiation syndromes by collecting and analyzing the literature and reports about summer-heat diseases in the last 40 years.Second part, theoretical research. The part is divided into four subparts. The first subpart presents the summaries of theory of exogenous pathogenic factors in summer by doctors in different times, reviews different opinions and analyzes corresponding problems relating to exogenous pathogenic factors in summer among which routes of acute onset, theory of yin affliction in summer and theory of "summer heat diseases must be accompanied by dampness" are still unconfirmed. The second subpart presents the progresses in the research on elsholtzia and agastache rugosus in different times and introduces the understanding and application ways of the two medicines by literature analysis after checking relevant records from the pre-Qin period to Ming and Qing Dynasty.Most opinions in different times think they are pungent-warm and can dispel cold, relieve exterior syndrome, resolve dampness and treat edema, cholera and vomiting. The third subpart aims on annalyzing the influencing factors in summer heat disease, and discusses the subjects based on Professor Xiao Xiangru’s relating theory. The fourth subpart verifies the summer heat disease, highlights the accuracy of Professor Xiao’s opinions about exogenous pathogenic factors in summer and raises research suggestions on names of current summer heat diseases and summer-heat clearing prescription.hoping to provide the medical field with the thoughts and reference of summer heat diseases treatment. For prescription, the problems relating to the drug administration of summer heat diseases are studied taking xiangru powder, huoxiang zhengqi powder, Wang’s Qingshuyiqi Tang, Dongyuan Qingshuyiqi Tang and Baihu Tang as an example, comparing and analyzing their definitions of formula, components and maor functions and combining the pathogenic characteristics of exogenous pathogenic factors in summer.Conclusion:1 The types of summer heat diseases after Song Dynasty include cold syndrome, heat syndrome, the combination of cold and heat or the summer heat diseases with same names and different tributes, and different medicines are used for cold and warm.2 Agastache rugosus and elsholtzia are pungent and warm natured drugs. Their drug properties and treatment functions lean more for cold dampness disease than summer heat disease3 The "summer-heat syndrome" in ancient times is described as the cold-dampness syndrome in vivo and vitro. At present, the dampness-elimination method has been included in the treatment of "summer-heat relieving",but the dampness elimination is not equal to summer-heat clearness. The summer-heat syndrome possesses the features of exterior cold and interior heat, so using the Agastache rugosus and Elsholtzia is to relieve superficies syndrome with pungent and warm natured drugs but not to clear the summer-heat.41. Huoxiang zhengqi powder is dry in nature and the functions of clearing dampness of its components are more than its functions of relieving summer heat. 2. Xiangru powder is designed to treat cold and dampness. And yin affliction in summer is not summer heat disease and yin syndrome in summer is significantly different from cold and heat in summer syndrome, so they have essential differences. But the drugs in the prescription are warm in nature, so its functions only can relieve symptoms.3. Dongyuan Qingshu Tang is designed to treat summer syndrome accompanied by dampness, which attacks patients with dampness and heat alternatively, and based on "tonifying qi and invigorating the spleen to drain dampness". The prescription lacks clearing summer heat drugs and invigorating the spleen to drain dampness is not equal to relieving summer heat.According to literature review and theoretical researches, we can see that professor Xiao Xiangru’s theory is an innovation based on different typical talking points in traditional Chinese medicine. "The thoughts of determination of treatment based on exterior syndromes of Xiao" is unique, which simplifies theory of six exogenous pathogenic factors into four exogenous pathogenic factors, classify outer pathogenies with a more brief frame and provide a method of figuring out pathogenesis and treatment reducing the risks of wrong treatment of summer heat diseases and hoping summer heat disease system can exert a better functions in the clinical treatment of exogenous diseases.