Study On Genetic Diversity Of Soybean Cultivars From Huang-Huai Valley And Genetic Contribute Of Elite Germplasm From Southern And Huang-Huai Valley In China

China released more than 1100 cultivars from 1923 to 2004, so China owns the most soybean cultivars in the world. Soybean germplasm resource was the basis of genetic improvement,cultivars were mainest and the most important.Because soybean cultivars integrated the genetic basis of ancestor parents and some cultivars,cultivars improved the traits of counter-lodging,permaturity,fertility,good quality,resisting plant diseases and insect pests,which were released and cropped easily.Growwed soybean were cultivars mostly in China,genetic relationship and diversity was well characterized to cultivers. So the objective of this study was to clarify genetic diversity in China and open out the base of elite germplasm,it would be valuate to use germplasm in cultiving in the future. In this study, 161 soybeans cultivars are used to analysis of agronomic traits, and 87 cultivars are analysed by SSR Marker, pedigree analysis including cultivars released after 1995. All cultivars were derived from five pedigrees: Nannong493-1, Nannongl 138-2,58-161, Qihuanglhao and Aijiaozao. The main results were summized as follows:1.By analysing the forthern agronomic traits of 161 cultivars , the tend in 14 traits are the same. 7517, Ludou 1 hao, Su7209, Yudou 5 hao and Zaoshu 9 hao,which account for 3.1 percent of 161 cultivars. According to morphological traits, 161 cultivaes were clustered into 5 groups at the point of GD=9.Special.cultivars were ascribled to subgroup I 2, V₁ and group IV.2.A set of 73 SSR primers were used to genetic diversity of 87 cultivars. The results showed that 801 alleles were detected with average 10.97 alleles per locus and range of alleles was 6-24. The range of Simpson index for each locus was 0.6960-0.9250 with average 0.8266; The range of Shannon index for each locus was 2.1410-4.1030.with average 2.8898; alleles variation are different from 20 linkages and the distance is 0-15; Simpson index and Shannon index were the same,too. In a word.the diversity is higher,maybe proportional spacing of locus worked in this experiment.3 SSR clustering is different from agronomic traits clustering,5 clutivars with nine...