The Genetic Contribution And Genetic Diversity Of Elite Germplasm From Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan And Shanxi To Soybean Cultivars Released During 1923-2005 In China

Soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.] is one of importent economic crops and has itsorigin in China. Total 1300 soybean eultivars were relesed during 1923-2005 inChina. Huanghuaihai is major soybean growing area, the use of derivatives of elitegermplasms from Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan and Shanxi provinces played animportant role of soybean breeding in China. Analysis of these elite germplasms andderivatives on the genetic base and diversity can provide references for elite parentsselecting and germplasms collection. In this study, pedigree Information of 21 elitegermplasms from Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan and shanxi provinces were used toanalyze and nuclear and cytoplasmic contributions to their derivatives. Right fromtwo elite germplasms: Jimoyiudou, Xudoulhao, which come from Shandong andJiangsu provienees respectively.and their derivatives, of which 179 eultivars wereused for agronomic traits, 85 eultivars for SSR markers for genetic diversity analysis,which aimed at clarifying the genetic base and the genetic contributions of elitegermplasms from Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan and Shanxi provinces. The main resultswere summized as follows:1 By analyzing the nuclear contributions of 21 eilte germplasms to theirreleased cultivars, the nuclear contributions of 21 germplasms amount to 13.89ï¼…ofthe nationwide, and amount to 34.17ï¼…of Huanghualhai cultivars; and to SouthernChina, 8.56ï¼…; Nouthern China, 1.32ï¼…. Binhaidabaihua, Xudoulhao, Oihuanglhao,Jimoyiudou, Yidupingdinghau and Tiejiaohuang, The greatest contributions of sixgermplasms, gave great nuclear contributions to Anlaui, Beijing, Henan, Jiangsu,Shandong and Tianjing proviences (cities), The totle contribution of Six germplasmsto six regions account for 36.09ï¼…, 30.54ï¼…, 28.75ï¼…, 25.93ï¼…, 38.18ï¼…and 56.25ï¼…,respectively. 2 There were 12 germplasms released 12 cytoplasmic families and totle of 211cultivars, which amount to 16.23% of nationwide, cultivars in 13 proviences (cities)have utlized the cytoplasmic genes of the 12 germplasms, more of them aredistribute in Anhui, Beijing, Henan, Jiangsu, Shandong and Shanxi proviences(cities).3 Through analysis of agronomic diversity of 179 cultivars, Cotyledon color andleaf shape are separately lowest and highest in qualitive traits, maturity and protein areseparately lowest and highest in quantitive traits. As a whole, 14 agronomectraits'Simpson index is 0.6023 in average, shannon-Weaver index is 1.8364 in average.4 60 SSR primers were used in analysis of 85 cultivars and 615 alleles weredetected with average of 10.3 alleles per locus and range of 7-19. The mean Simpsonindex is 0.8371 with range of 0.7538-0.9365, The mean shannon-Weaver index is2.9506 with range of 2.4308-4.0951. variation of Alleles, Simpson index andshannon-Weaver index have great differences, This indicated abundant in geneticdiversity of cultivars released from elite germplasms of Shandong and Jiangsuproviences.5 Agronomic data clustering correspond with SSR data clustering and both candiscern cultivars from pedigree to a certain extent. SSR clustering can differentiateclutivars which can not make it with agronomic data clustering. SSR marking canreflect the geographic distribution of germplasms, and can separate relative clutivarsagain at the molecular lever.