Effect Of Long-term Stationary Fertilizing On Physical And Chemical Characters Of Soil And Growth And Development Of Cucumber

This research is a succession of long-term stationary fertilizing. On the condition of vegetable planting in the greenhouse, long-term application of single N fertilizer and applying P K have effect on the physical and chemical characters of soil and the contents of available microelement . It is researched that different fertilizing treatments have effect on growth and development yield quality and nutrient absorbing and distributing of N P K of cucumber in the greenhouse. The relativity between the physical and chemical characters of soil and the yield of cucumber in the different developing stage is primarily researched. The findings are as follows 1. Long-term application of organic fertilizer and N fertilizer may obviously increase the content of organic matter, long-term application of N fertilizer may increase content of organic matter, but the increasing extent is smaller; the effect of application of P K fertilizers on the content of organic matter is smaller , but application of P K fertilizers may obviously increase the content of P K nutrient. If N P K fertilizers are single applied or applied two of them, it possibly results in imbalance of soil nutrient, especially application of N, P fertilizers may reault in the lack of K nutrient.2. Long-term application organic fertilizer may improve soil fertility, slowing relieve the drop of pH of soil, maintain greater porosity of soil. Long-term application N P K fertilizer all may result in droping of pH, but the effects of N P K fertilizer to pH are different, the order is N>P>K.3. Long-term application organic fertilizer may increase the contents of available Zn, while the effect on available Fe Mn, Cu is smaller. It is most remarkably negative relativity between the content of available Fe Mn and pH of soil, and. most remarkably positive relativity between the content of available Fe Mn and the content of total N. It is the mostly reason of available Fe Mn increasing that long-term application of N fertilizer results in the drop of pH and the increasing content of total N. It is most remarkably negative relativity between the content of available Cu and pH of soil which is the mostly reason of available Cu increasing. Long-term application of N fertilizer may increase thecontent of available Zn in some degree, but it is not very obviously.4. The effect of application of P> K fertilizer on content of available Fe is correlative with applying organic fertilizer and N fertilizer or not. In the different condition the effect on content of available Fe is different. Application of P> K fertilizer may increase the content of available Mn> Cu. Application of P fertilizer reduces the content of available Zn because of P-Zn antagony, while application of K fertilizer may increase the content of available Zn.5. Long-term application of N fertilizer may obviously promote growth and development of cucumber and increase the yield, but decrease the yield by application of superfluous N fertilizer. After analysis of relativity between different growth indicators and yield, the correlative modulus between chlorophyll and yield is greatest (R=0.8901**). Long-term application of N fertilizer may increase the contents of V^ soluble protein and soluble sugar, but decrease the quality of cucumber by application of superfluous N fertilizer.6. Application of ?> K fertilizer with N fertilizer may further promote growth and development of cucumber. In different treatment application of K fertilizer with N fertilizer may obviously promote growth and development of cucumber, increase the content of chlorophyll and rate of photosynthesis, improve the yield of cucumber. Application of Px K fertilizer with N fertilizer may obviously promote quality of cucumber. Application of K fertilizer with N fertilizer may promote the content of Vc and soluble sugar and application of P fertilizer with N fertilizer may promote the content of soluble protein.7. In the experiment the order to improve yield of cucumber of N% P% K is N>P>K, especially the reciprocity of NK whose effect is greatest to improve yield and quality of cucumber. ANK treatment is best in the growth and development yieldN quality of cucumber.8. During the growth of cucumber, the total absorbing of each nutrient is K>N>P. The reciprocity of NK% NP promote the nutrient absorbing and distributing of cucumber. The proportion of P distributing in the each organ of cucumber is fruit>stem>leaf>root; The proportion of K distributing in the each organ of cucumber is fruit>leaf >stem>root; the distribution of N in the organs...