| Due to the facts that storing dried vegetables needs to meet higher requirements on environmental temperature and humidity, and during the storage dried vegetables are prone to infect pests, owners of goods should regularly conduct pests-killing treatment on dried vegetables. Consequently, there exist certain risks in export quarantine. At present, there is few systematic investigation and general survey on the pests on dried vegetables during the period of storage in both domestic and abroad, and even no report on storage pests on dried osmund has been produced so far. In order to strengthen the quarantine on export dried vegetables in view of the aforementioned problems, and provide a solid foundation for working out scientific and reasonable quarantine measures, from 2002 to 2004 the author of the study selected black fungus, dried mushroom, dried osmund that are representative categories of dried vegetables, and conducted investigations and researches on the categories, quantities, features in the variety of the pests community, the law of main pests occurring and sampling methods. Meanwhile, assessments on the importance of quarantine on storage pests were made.The outcomes of the study show that in terms of richness of pests during the period of storage, dried osmund shows a relatively high degree, correspondingly there exist lots of its natural enemies, dried mushroom takes the second place and black fungus takes a relatively lesser degree. Cathartus advena Waltl is the commonest species on dried osmund. The categories of pests are similar when investigate on stowed dried osmund from top to bottom. The pests distribute intensively. It also shows that the 5-point method is the most reasonable and economical method comparing with the other two methods (whole investigation and screenings investigation) when quarantine the export goods, and the sample got by this method is representative. It is the best way to combine the 5-point method and whole investigation, which means that firstly certain number of bags is sampled from warehouse by means of 5-point method, then the number of all pests is examined, or the bags sampled by five-point method are shaken firstly and the examinations from the bottom of the bags are made afterwards.Among the 19 storage pests on dried osmund, Cathartus advena Waltl is the main pests, but they should not be listed in the regulated quarantine pests because they are worldwide distributed. Aglosssa dimidiate Haworth only distributes in Japan and India, so there is certain importance of quarantine when dried osmund is exported to rest areas except Japan and India.Dacne picta Crotch is the commonest species on dried mushroom. The pest distributes on dried mushroom concent. The quantities of larva and chrysalides of the pest, especially larva, are larger at the top of the stowed dried mushroom, and imago of the pest distribute averagely form top to bottom. Although it distributes in Japan, it has not been found in other main trade countries, consequently there is importance of quarantine in trade countries except Japan.Ceropria intuta wiedemann is the commonest species on black fungus, and it has not importance of quarantine.According to the results of risk assessment, although the pests in the dried vegetables are difficult to be listed in the quarantine pests of the imported countries, it does not mean that some of the pests have not importance of quarantine. We should emphases the certain commonest and harmful species when quarantine export dried vegetables, for instance, Aglosssa dimidiate Haworth is the focus pest when we quarantine dried osmund, and Dacne picta Crotch on dried mushroom. We should take some reasonable control measures when some of these pests are found or some other pests whose quantities exceed permission of related standards. Meanwhile, we should strengthen the managements of thedried vegetable during the period of storage, and control or reduce the pests to occur effectively. |
PDF Full Text Request