Studies On Technique System Of Yanhusuo Cultivating For High Quality And Yield

Corydalisyanhusuo W.T.Wang, also named as yuanhu, xuanhusuo or xuanhu, is a common Chinese traditional medicine. Medicinal part is tube. It has been used to promote blood circulation, reinforce vital energy and alleviate pain. Some of the important alkaloids are DL-terhydropalmatine, D-corydaline and corydalis L. It is one of well known "eight sapor of zhejiang". And it has long history of planting in zhejiang province from Ming-dynasty. But so far, there was no intact study on the development and planting technique of yanhusuo. Due to the field often was planted consecutively, variety degeneration and plant diseases and insect pests, all these made the yield of yanhusuo reduced and quality declined. In the past people studied yanhusuo main concentrated on mensurateing yanhusuo and yanhusuo's medicine and its medicinal effects. The reports which about the yield and the quality formation of yanhusuo under different ecology level is less. Our aim is to through different fertilizer, density, Pb treatment, discussing different ecology levels on the effects of nitrogen(N) phosphorus (P) Potassium(K) nutrition elements absorb amount and accumulation ,yield and quality formation, Pb (plumbum) stress on the development of yanhusuo. In order to offer theoretic bases and practice direction of establishing the plant modal of yanhusuo which is high quality and yield and economic effective.1. There were significant difference among chlorophyll content, NR activity, dry matter accumulation and distribution, and yield formation under different modal of basic fertilizer application. The yield and quality of yanhusuo were not only related to the N, P and K amounts, but also related to the nutrition proportion. This experiment indicated that: the best ratio of N:P:K was 1.18:1:1, the yield of yanhusuo would be higher when fertilized 750kg/ha compound-fertilizer and 45 kg/ha urea, and yield was 2293.62 kg/ha in 2002 year and 2635.91 kg/ha in 2003.2. Under this experiment, when planting density less than 675 kg/ha (66 tubes/m2), there was no significant difference of population size on individual development and yield formation, yield of yanhusuo was increased with increasing planting density. But there was significant difference of population component on the individual development and yield formation. More holes with fewer tubes could increase chlorophyll contents and NR activities than more tubes less holes, and yield increased finally. When planting density was 675 kg/ha (66 tubes /m2), yield of one hole with one tube was the highest and reached 2993.91 kg/ha. So the better plant model was one hole with one plant.3. N, P and K contents and accumulation were affected under different modal of basic fertilizer application during growth stage. There were no significant differences among all treatments. N and P contents were the highest in metaphase, K content was the highest in prophase, all these nutrients were the least in telophase. The variation trends of three elements accumulation were the same as their contents. N accumulation of yanhusuo tuber was increased with its development, P accumulation was the same as N in the prophase, and other treatments were reduced except for the treatment fertilized with 750kg/ha compound-fertilizer and 45 kg/ha urea. K accumulation of shoot increased rapidly in prophase and declined quickly in metaphase, and became stable in telophase, but K accumulation of yanhusuo tube was not the same as shoot, which was increased rapidly in prophase, and became stable in metaphase.4. N, P and K contents and accumulation were affected under different basic population during yanhusuo growth stage. The variation trends of N, P and K contents and accumulations were similar under different modal of basic fertilizer application. P and K variation trends of yanhusuo tube showed a V type (increased-reduced-increased); N accumulation was always increased during its growth stage, and the best planting density was 525kg/ha(52 tubes/m2 ).5. There was significant difference in N, P and K contents and accumulation between genotypes. N content of broad-leaf variety was higher than narrow-leaf one. P and K contents of both tube and shoot maintained stable and no significant difference was found between genotypes during growth stage. And the similar result was found in N, P and K accumulation. N, P and K accumulation of tube was increased during growth stage and reached the highest in telophase, yet that of shoot reached the highest in metaphase.6. The variation curve of dl-THP accumulation was consistent under different modal of basic fertilizer application. Dl-THP accumulation reduced slightly in prophase, then increased and reached the highest in telophase. In our experiment, when fertilized with 1050kg/ha compound-fertilizer and 45 kg/ha urea, dl-THP content was the highest of 0.3956 mg/g in ripen stage.7. There was significant difference of dl-THP content between genotypes. Our experiment indicated that: dl-THP content of narrow-leaf genotype was 11.07% higher than broad-leaf genotype in ripen stage. Thus, narrow-leaf genotype may be selected to get high yanhusuo quality.