| In this paper,Corydalis yanhusuo which cultivated in Chenggu county of Shanxi province was selected as the research object.Through comparing the agronomic characters and main index components under different treatments,to explore the main factors that influence the yield and quality of Corydalis yanhusuo.In order to offer a theoretical basis for Corydalis yanhusuo optimization cultivation.The main results are as follows:1.The study of the influence of different stem sizes on yield and quality of Corydalis yanhusuo.The results showed that there was significant difference on the yield and quality.The middle sized tuber(the diameter,weight and thickness of single tuber was not less than1.20 cm,1.12 g,1.10 cm and not more than 1.70 cm,2.10 g,1.38 cm,respectively.)got the highest plant height(16.7 cm)of Corydalis yanhusuo.Also reached the maximum of the number of leaf(59.2 /plant),the number of tuber(10.6 /plant)and the number of internodes(17.2 /plant).Compared with the large sized and small sized tuber,the tuber number from medium sized tuber was 2.6 /plant and 2.8 /plant higher,respectively.The average size,fresh weight,diameter of single tuber which from the middle size tuber also reached the peaks.The maximum of fresh weight and diameter of tuber was 3.80 g and 2.59 cm.The fresh yield was as high as 6792.9 kg/hm~2,the maximum of drying rate was 33.7%.The content of ethanol soluble extractives(30.6%)and tetrahydropalmatine(0.134%)were also the highest.2.The study of the influence of sowing time on yield and quality of Corydalis yanhusuo.The results showed that the sowing time affected the yield and main component content of Corydalis yanhusuo significantly.The yield of Corydalis yanhusuo and the main index component content showed a trend to decrease with the delay of sowing time.This study showed that the best timing to sow the Corydalis yanhusuo in Chenggu county was around September 20 th.The plants that sowed around this period showed an earlier emergence time,the time to sprout tumble was later,the effective growth period lasted 93 days.The plant height,the number of leaf,the number of underground stem and internodes were all maximum,was 17.5 cm,67.4,18.6 and 10.7/plant,respectively.The fresh yield,the content of ethanol soluble extractives and tetrahydropalmatine were also reached the peaks was 6697.3 kg/hm~2,29.6%,0.128% respectively.Compared with the plants which sowed on October 19 th,they were 11.3%,9.8% and 0.030% higher,respectively.3.The influence of the application amount of diammonium phosphate on the yield and quality of Corydalis yanhusuo.The results showed that applied diammonium phosphatecould increase the yield of Corydalis yanhusuo significantly.With the improvement of fertilizer amount,the main index component content of Corydalis yanhusuo showed a trend as increase first and then drop.When the application amount of diammonium phosphate was 375kg/hm~2,the plant height(19.2cm)was the highest,and the number of leaf(83.3/plant),the number of underground stem(30.4/plant)and the number of internodes(13.4/plant)were all reached the maximum number.The number of underground stem and the number of internodes were 14.4/plant and 5.6/plant higher compared to the CK.The drying rate(33.7%)and the average size of tuber were also reached the peaks.The maximum tuber diameter was 2.57 cm.The highest fresh yield was 6982.2kg/hm~2,27.7% higher compared to CK.The total ash contet(3.0%)was the lowest.The content of ethanol soluble extractive and tetrahydropalmatine were the maximum,24.8% and 0.128% respectively.4.To explore the influence of different covering materials on yield and quality of Corydalis yanhusuo 4 different kinds of covering materials were used,according to randomized block design.The results were acquired by analyzing and comparing the growth,tuber size,yield and quality of Corydalis yanhusuo with different covering materials,and it showed that the yield of Corydalis yanhusuo was increased significantly after covering the mulching film and grass.The plants which covered with white mulching film got the highest,plant height which was 19.5 cm,3.8 cm higher than the outdoor plants.The number of leaf(75/plant),the number of ground stem(26.4/plant),the number of internodes(12.0/plant)were all the maximum.Likewise,the average size of tuber and fresh weight reached the maximum.The peak number of tuber number was 6.33/plant.7292.55kg/hm~2 was the maximum value of fresh yield,which was 19.5% higher than the open field cultivation.The content of total ash was the lowest(2.7%),but the content of ethanol-soluble extractive(27.5%)and tetrahydropalmatine(0.185%)were the highest,when coverd with white mulching film.5.The influence of different drying methods on the quality of Corydalis yanhusuo.The results showed that the drying,50 ℃ drying after boiled 8 min and at 100 ℃ for de-enzymes 30 min.Compared with other drying methods,these three ways saved lots of time,stoving took about 7d to dry,1 time less than drying in the sun directly.The method that de-enzymes before drying need 6d to dry completely,only 1d less than stoving;5d was needed by follow the method of boiled before drying,2d less than stoving.And the total ash content of Corydalis yanhusuo was low by following the three drying ways above,was2.7%,2.7% and 2.3%,respectively.While the ethanol-soluble extractive content was high,21.4%,21.8% and 23.2%,respectively.Likewise the content of tetrahydropalmatine wasalso high,0.115%,0.124% and 0.115%,respectively.In conclusion,the three methods above were recommended to apply in production and practice.6.In order to reveal the correlation between tuber classification and quality of Corydalis yanhusuo,the K-center clustering analysis method was used.Fresh tuber weight and diameter were used as the main basis of classification.The thickness of the tuber as a reference of grading index,meanwhile,combined with the production practice and operability the grading standard of tuber of Corydalis yanhusuo was set.The tuber was divided into four grades,grade Ⅰ to Ⅲ was named big goods,first-class goods and currency,respectively.Ⅳ was named small goods.The Ⅳ grade’s content of ethanolsoluble extractive and tetrahydropalmatine were the highest,was 27.9% and 0.140%,respectively.Compared with Ⅰ and Ⅱ,was 8.4%,7.9%,0.033% and 0.026% higher,respectively. |
PDF Full Text Request