Study On Biological Character And Cultural Technique Of Apricot Cultivars

In this study, some apricot cultivars were used as the experiment materials.These questions were investigated.These are the investigation of injury in blossom,study of freezing-resistance mechanism of apricot,characteristics of blossom and pollination biology, mechanism of self-incompatibility of apricot, fruit-bearing characteristics and fruit traits, effects of controlled-release fertilizer application on nutritive peculiarity of apricot, effects of controlled-release fertilizer application on soil nutrition of apricot, techniques of culture under-glass and culture in the open for some apricot cultivars.The main results were as followings:1. It is one of the most exact and credible ways to judge the cold hardiness of fruit trees through investigation in the fields. The results showed that: (1) Flowers of apricot in peach rootstock were injured lighter than in the apricot rootstock. (2)According to the researching result, it was obvious that the difference of freezing resistance in apricot or sweet cherry varieties. "Hongfeng" and "Honghebao" were the most freezing resistance apricot cultivars in the researching varieties. This offered good germplasm to freezing resistance breeding.2. The pollination biology of some apricot cultivars were studied. The results were as followings: â‘  There were bigger differences in flowering phase of different apricot cultivars. Hongfeng apricot and other cultivars have 3~7 days later than Badanshuixing in flowering phase, which provides germplasm for selecting late-flowering cultivar. â‘¡The self pollination results showed that the self-pollination rate for Katy was 35.5% and Katy were suggested to be a self-compatible cultivar, while the self-pollination rate for Hongfeng, Xinshiji apricot etal were between 0-3.61% and they were suggested to be self-incompatible cultivars. â‘¢The pollination study showed that best pollinizer cultivar for Hongfeng apricot was Tezaohong apricot, for Xinshiji apricot was Luotouhuang, for Tezaohong was Xinshiji. The cross incompatibility between Hongfeng and Xinshiji apricot were also found. There were bigger differences in fruit set of some apricot mutual pollination.3. The relation between stigma amino acids content with self-incompatibility among apricot cultivars were studied. The results showed that there were no great significant pollen difference between compatible and incompatible apricot cultivars (lines), but little difference in amino acids contents between stigma and pollen. The incompatible apricot cultivars had a relatively higher contents in tyrosine> threonir^ methionine and arginine and the difference were significant.4. The effects of controlled-release fertilizer application on nutritive peculiarity of apricot and soil nutrition of apricot were studied. The study indicated that nutrition release of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and the nutrition absorption of seedlings were identical and reach "supply-demand" dynamic balance, especially at the end of growth. Controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer could hasten the release of potassium and phosphorus in soil and promote recovery.