| Based on the production characteristics of plant area in Qishan county, field experiments were conducted from 2000 to 2002 to evaluate the agronomic responses andgrain quality results of the selected winter wheat variety for noodle purpose-Xiaoyan503 at four plot design experiments with single experimental factor of density, plant patter, EM and Tianda-2116 and one resplit-plot experiment with three experimental factors of density, plant patter and EM, in order to find a suitable model of cultivation for the large scale and high-yield and high-quality production in this region.This paper studied the effect of experimental factors on the characteristics of growth and development, accumulation and distribution of dry matter, photosynthesis, yield and quality, analysied the properties of the grain filling and the relations between yield properties and quality traits, and discovered the main experimental factor of influence yield, the results were as follows :l.With the density increasing, the maximum of colony stems increased and came early, the single stem dry matter accumulation and the light penetration of the population bottom reduced.The flag leaf photosynthesis rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr) and the grain yield were significant or greatly significant, the quality traits maintained higher value, but not significant among treatments.The density of 105kg/hm2 had optimum agronomic traits, photosynthetic rate, yield and quality properties, the second was that of 135kg/hm2.2.Plant patters showed a significant effect on population structure and photosynthesis and an unremarkably effect on yield and its components and grain quality.The most suitable one of this double cropping area among these plant patters was the three lines sowed and one line emptied patter, which appeared the better characteristics of photosynthesis and dry matter transportation and yield components, and got the highest yield and the higher quality, the patter of all lines sowed was the second suitable patter.3.The effect of EM was highly positive to the population structure, stems of ear bearing, slowly-senescing leaves, distribution of photosyntheic matter, photosynthesis and grain yield. But the strengthened photosynthesis was based on the assimilation of quantity of water, and the application quantity of EM was higher, the effect of EM was evident. There were no significant effect of EM on grain quality. It was suggested that the optimum treatment was 105 kg/hm2, the better one was 11.25kg/hm2, and the unacceptable one was 3.75kg/hm2.4.Tianda 2116 could significantly increase yield, improve grain quality and economic properties, strengthen photosynthetic rate of grain filling period, and benefite to the valid accumulation and distribution of photosynthetic matter only in case of proper spraying concentration, otherwise it had negative effect on the yield and the economic profit. Thus, attention shoud be paied to the concentration of Tianda 2116 in its practice use. The results suggested that in this experiment, the highest yield and economic profit had been obtained with spraying concentration of 0.1% in jointing period, booting period and filling period. Therefore it was the most optimum spraying concentration of Tianda 2116.5. The plant patters and the interaction between plant patters and densities had distinct effect on yield , but density and EM had no remarkable effect on yield. The effect of these three experimental factors on yield was plant patter>density>EM, A2>A1>A3, B2>B1 andC3>C1>C2. The colony photosynthesis condition, grain filling characteristics, yield and quality traits were analysied, which showed that the patter of A182 and A3B1 were the better plant model, and the yield and quality of AaBi were not significant better than that of A2Ba. Thus, the optimum model in this double cropping area was A2B1C3, it is also better for the undouble cropping area to adopt the model of A1B2C3.6. The accumulation of dry matter increased with the growth and development of winter wheat and the "S" curve app... |
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